Variations in Hemodynamic Parameters and ECG in Healthy, Conscious, Freely Moving Telemetrized Beagle Dogs

Soloviev, Maxim; Hamlin, Robert L.; Shellhammer, Laurie J.; Barrett, Randy M.; Wally, Robert A.; Birchmeier, Paul A.; Schaefer, Gerald J.

doi:10.1385/ct:6:1:51

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition, the question of whether BP oscillates over the 24-h span in dogs is still a matter of debate (Miyazaki et al 2002;Piccione et al 2005;Soloviev et al 2006;Mochel et al 2013aMochel et al , 2014a. Results from our research (Mochel et al 2013a) showed that plasma renin (Fig.…”

Section: Components Of the Renin Cascade Blood Pressure And Urinarymentioning

confidence: 75%

Chronobiology and Pharmacologic Modulation of the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System in Dogs: What Have We Learned?

Mochel

Danhof

2015

Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Vol. 169

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Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a primary cause of morbidity and mortality with an increasing prevalence in human and canine populations. Recognition of the role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) overactivation in the pathophysiology of CHF has led to significant medical advances. By decreasing systemic vascular resistance and angiotensin II (AII) production, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as benazepril improve cardiac hemodynamics and reduce mortality in human and dog CHF patients. Although several experiments have pointed out that efficacy of ACE inhibitors depends on the time of administration, little attention is paid to the optimum time of dosing of these medications. A thorough characterization of the chronobiology of the renin cascade has the potential to streamline the therapeutic management of RAAS-related diseases and to help determining the optimal time of drug administration that maximizes efficacy of ACE inhibitors, while minimizing the occurrence of adverse effects. We have developed an integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model that adequately captures the disposition kinetics of the paradigm drug benazeprilat, as well as the time-varying changes of systemic renin-angiotensin-aldosterone biomarkers, without and with ACE inhibition therapy. Based on these chronobiological investigations, the optimal efficacy of ACE inhibitors is expected with bedtime dosing. The data further show that benazepril influences the dynamics of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade, resulting in a profound decrease in AII and aldosterone (ALD), while increasing renin activity for about 24 h. From the results of recent investigations in human, it is hypothesized that reduction of AII and ALD is one of the drivers of increased survival and improved quality of life in dogs receiving ACE inhibitors. To support and consolidate this hypothesis, additional efforts should be directed toward the collection of circulating RAAS peptides in spontaneous cases of canine CHF. If such a link could be established, profiling of these biomarkers could support determination of the severity of heart failure, complement clinical and echocardiographic findings, and be used for therapeutic drug monitoring purposes.

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Section: Components Of the Renin Cascade Blood Pressure And Urinarymentioning

confidence: 75%

Chronobiology and Pharmacologic Modulation of the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System in Dogs: What Have We Learned?

Mochel

Danhof

2015

Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Vol. 169

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“…The pens were cleaned twice a day. The swine were fed a diet (90.44% dry weight) containing 14.7% of protein, 3.1% of fat, 4.7% of crude protein, 6.06% of ash, 0.5% of salt (NaCl), 1.05% of calcium, 0.77% of phosphorus, 0.62% of lysine, 0.24% of methionine, 0.3% of cysteine, 0.48% of threonine, 0.183% of tryptophan, vitamin A (13 243 IU/kg), vitamin D3 (2 000 IU/kg), vitamin E (81.65 mg/kg), vitamin B1 (4.11 mg/kg), vitamin B2 (7.16 mg/kg), niacin (vitamin B3, 50.22 mg/kg), vitamin B5 (24.29 mg/kg), vitamin B6 (6.11 mg/kg) and vitamin B12 (36 µg/kg), and had unlimited access to water. EPS was preceded by determining a complete blood count, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, concentrations of urea, creatinine, glucose, magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), as well as by an electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this date, normal values for electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters were published for brown hares [5], dogs [6], cats [7], and swine [8], and the reference values for echocardiographic parameters were established for dogs [9], cattle [10], ferrets [11], sheep [12], monkeys [13], Syrian hamsters [14], mice [15], rats [16], and swine [8]. However, despite the widespread use of porcine models in experimental electrophysiology, still no reference values for intracardiac electrical activity and conduction parameters determined during an invasive electrophysiology study (EPS) have been developed in this species thus far.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal Values for Heart Electrophysiology Parameters of Healthy Swine Determined on Electrophysiology Study

Noszczyk-Nowak

Cepiel

Janiszewski³

et al. 2016

Adv Clin Exp Med

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size, diameters of coronary arteries, susceptibility to coronary atherosclerosis, coronary stent-related restenosis, infarct development and post-infarction remodeling in these two species, and owing Swine are a well-recognized animal model for human cardiovascular diseases [1][2][3][4]. Porcine models have been increasingly used in human cardiovascular research due to similarities in the heart Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak 1, A-D, F , Alicja Cepiel 1, B, C, F , Adrian Janiszewski 2, B, E, F , Robert Pasławski 3, B, F , Jacek Gajek 4, A, E, F , Urszula Pasławska 1 A -research concept and design; B -collection and/or assembly of data; C -data analysis and interpretation; D -writing the article; E -critical revision of the article; F -final approval of article AbstractBackground. Swine are a well-recognized animal model for human cardiovascular diseases. Despite the widespread use of porcine model in experimental electrophysiology, still no reference values for intracardiac electrical activity and conduction parameters determined during an invasive electrophysiology study (EPS) have been developed in this species thus far. Objectives. The aim of the study was to develop a set of normal values for intracardiac electrical activity and conduction parameters determined during an invasive EPS of swine. Material and Methods. The study included 36 healthy domestic swine (24-40 kg body weight). EPS was performed under a general anesthesia with midazolam, propofol and isoflurane. The reference values for intracardiac electrical activity and conduction parameters were calculated as arithmetic means ± 2 standard deviations. Results. The reference values were determined for AH, HV and PA intervals, interatrial conduction time at its own and imposed rhythm, sinus node recovery time (SNRT), corrected sinus node recovery time (CSNRT), anterograde and retrograde Wenckebach points, atrial, atrioventricular node and ventricular refractory periods. No significant correlations were found between body weight and heart rate of the examined pigs and their electrophysiological parameters. Conclusions. The hereby presented reference values can be helpful in comparing the results of various studies, as well as in more accurately estimating the values of electrophysiological parameters that can be expected in a given experiment (Adv Clin Exp Med 2016, 25, 6, 1249-1254).

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“…Inflammatory cytokines, 42 inducible NO, 43 and hypoxemia may all result in a maldistributive state, if it were not for the appropriate physiological responses. All dogs maintained a normal MAP, although it may be seen that MAP remained largely within normal limits of 87–127 mm Hg established by Jacobson and colleagues 44–46 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

A prospective, randomized comparison of Oxyglobin (HB‐200) and packed red blood cell transfusion for canine babesiosis

Zambelli

Leisewitz

2009

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Objective -To establish the efficacy of Oxyglobin in canine babesiosis and compare it to standard therapy, packed red blood cell transfusion (pRBCT) with respect to improvements in specific parameters of blood gas, acid-base, blood pressure, and subjective evaluations. Design -Prospective, randomized, clinical trial. Setting -Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital. Animals -Twelve dogs (8-25 kg) naturally infected with Babesia rossi and a hematocrit of 0Interventions -Treatment groups were randomized to receive either 20 mL/kg of Oxyglobin or pRBCT over 4 hours via a central venous catheter. Transfusions were followed by lactated Ringer's solution infusion. Rectal temperature, femoral arterial and mixed venous blood sampling, oscillometric blood pressure, and subjective assessment of patient status (habitus), and appetite were performed at time points 0, 1, 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Main Results -Dogs presented with a hypoalbuminemic alkalosis; hyperchloremic, dilutional acidosis; normotensive tachycardia; pyrexia; depression; and anorexia. Both treatments produced similar results, with the exception of significant differences in pH (4 h); PCO 2 (4 h); hemoglobin (8 h, 24 h); mean arterial pressure (48 h); albumin (4 h, 8 h); habitus (8 h, 48 h); and appetite (24 h). Arterial O 2 content was higher for pRBCT than Oxyglobin at 72 hours, but central venous PO 2 did not differ between groups or over time and was consistently subnormal. Conclusions -Oxyglobin provides similar overall improvements to pRBCT in dogs with anemia from babesiosis, with respect to blood gas, acid-base and blood pressure, although patients receiving packed cells tended to have more rapid normalization of habitus and appetite.

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Variations in Hemodynamic Parameters and ECG in Healthy, Conscious, Freely Moving Telemetrized Beagle Dogs

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Chronobiology and Pharmacologic Modulation of the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System in Dogs: What Have We Learned?

Chronobiology and Pharmacologic Modulation of the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System in Dogs: What Have We Learned?

Normal Values for Heart Electrophysiology Parameters of Healthy Swine Determined on Electrophysiology Study

A prospective, randomized comparison of Oxyglobin (HB‐200) and packed red blood cell transfusion for canine babesiosis

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