Variations in the Fe/O value resulting from changes in the ion energy in flows of accelerated solar particles

Minasyants, G. S.; Minasyants, T. M.; Томозов, В. М.

doi:10.1134/s0016793216060128

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…[1][2][3] To solve these issues,m any researchers have worked to explore new nanogenerators (NGs) with simples tructures and low cost, which could be regarded as an alternative self-powered sensor. [4,5] Recently,avariety of working mechanisms of NGs have been proposed, such as thermal energy, [6][7][8] solar energy, [9][10][11] chemical energy, [12,13] and mechanical energy. [14][15][16] Considering the ubiquitous and relatively stable mechanical energy of human motion or environmental vibration, NGs based on mechanical energy are promising candidates for self-poweredvibration sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Reliable Real‐time Self‐powered Vibration Sensor Based on a Piezoelectric Nanogenerator

et al. 2018

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With the diverse development in electronic devices, high cost, low reliability, and the need for battery power have been severe obstacles to restrict the wide application of sensors. In this work, we present a highly reliable, real‐time, self‐powered vibration sensor based on an enhanced piezoelectric nanogenerator (NG), which is heat resistant, waterproof, relatively low cost, and with a long lifetime. The enhanced piezoelectric NG is constructed into a double‐arched structure: the upper arched layer is the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) film with designed optimum size, which can utilize the excellent piezoelectric potential of the d31 mode; the lower arched layer is the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film covered by uniform trapezoidal microstructures and thereby increases the charge density of the piezoelectric NG. The piezoelectric NG output voltage with the double‐arched structure increased by 35.1 % upon applying a mechanical force of 5 N. Relating to improved steady voltage output performance, the enhanced piezoelectric NG was used as the sensitive element of a sensor with sensitivity of 2.21 V g−1 and linearity error of 5.91 % under a vibration amplitude of 6 mm. Moreover, the sensor not only exhibited stable repeatability and stability over long times, but it also steadily produced output performances after soaking in water temperatures up to 70 °C. Therefore, the highly reliable self‐powered vibration sensor presents prominent prospect for future application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Reliable Real‐time Self‐powered Vibration Sensor Based on a Piezoelectric Nanogenerator

et al. 2018

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Proton Flares in Solar Activity Complexes: Possible Origins and Consequences

2018

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Fe/O ratio behavior as an indicator of solar plasma state at different solar activity manifestations and in periods of their absence

Minasiants¹,

Minasyants

Minasiants³

et al. 2018

Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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Abstract. We report the results of the investigation into plasma physical characteristics at various solar activity manifestations and in periods of their absence. These results have been obtained from quantitative estimates of the relative abundance of Fe and O ions in different energy ranges. Maximum values of the Fe/O ratio is shown to correspond to particle fluxes from impulsive flares for ions with energies <2 MeV/n (the most significant manifestation of the first ionization potential (FIP) effect). In particle fluxes from gradual flares, the Fe/O value decreases smoothly with ion energy and is noticeably inferior to values of fluxes in impulsive events. We have established that the properties of flares of solar cosmic rays indicate their belonging to a separate subclass in the total population of gradual events. Relying on Fe/O variations, we propose an explanation of the solar plasma behavior during the development of flares of both classes.Magnetic clouds (a separate class of coronal mass ejections (CME)), which have turbulent compression regions and are sources of strong geomagnetic storms, exhibit a relative composition of Fe ions comparable to the abundance of Fe in ion fluxes from gradual flares.We have found out that the Fe/O value can be used to detect penetration of energetic flare plasma into the CME body at the initial phase of their joint development and to estimate its relative contribution.During solar minimum with complete absence of sunspots, the Fe/O ratio at a distance of 1 AU show absolutely low values of Fe/O=0.004-0.010 in the energy range from 2-5 to 30 MeV/n. This is associated with the manifestation of the cosmic ray anomalous component, which causes an increase in the intensity of ion fluxes with a high FIP, including oxygen (O), and elements with a low FIP (Fe) demonstrate weakening of the fluxes. As for particles with higher energies (E k >30 MeV/n), the Fe/O increase is due to the decisive influence of galactic cosmic rays on the composition of admixtures in the solar wind under solar minimum conditions. The abundance of heavy elements in galactic cosmic rays 30-500 MeV/n is similar to values in fluxes from gradual flares during high solar activity.During solar minimum without sunspots, the Fe/O behavior for different ion energy ranges in plasma flows from coronal holes (CH) and in the solar wind exhibits only minor deviations. At the same time, plasma flow associated with the disturbed frontal CH region can be sources of moderate geomagnetic storms.

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Variations in the Fe/O value resulting from changes in the ion energy in flows of accelerated solar particles

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Highly Reliable Real‐time Self‐powered Vibration Sensor Based on a Piezoelectric Nanogenerator

Highly Reliable Real‐time Self‐powered Vibration Sensor Based on a Piezoelectric Nanogenerator

Proton Flares in Solar Activity Complexes: Possible Origins and Consequences

Fe/O ratio behavior as an indicator of solar plasma state at different solar activity manifestations and in periods of their absence

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