Variations in vitamin E, phenolic content, and antioxidant properties of different wheat cultivars of South Korea

Abstract

The vitamin E, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (AA) profiles of 32 whole wheat cultivars were investigated. Samples were classified based on its hardness (HW: hard wheat, MW: medium wheat, and SW: soft wheat) for easy identification. Total vitamin E content ranged from 64.38 SW2 to 111.83 MW9 mg/kg; α-tocopherol (6.03 MW13 to 21.98 MW2 mg/kg), β-T (2.14 MW8 to 21.01 MW9 mg/kg), α-tocotrienol (4.28 MW12 to 9.34 MW9 mg/kg), and β-T3 (38.71 MW16 to 61.07 MW9 mg/kg) were the predominant homologs, with β-T3 as the highest. AA ranged from 334.40 MW4 to 584.80 HW4 μmol gallic acid equivalent/kg while TPC varied from 1139.70 SW6 to 2772.60 MW1 μmol GAE/kg. Significant differences in the vitamin E content, TPC, and AA were found among the cultivars regardless of its hardness index. A very weak correlation was found between TPC and AA while a moderate negative correlation was observed between vitamin E content and AA. Results from this study can serve as basis of further studies on the bioactive profiles of Korean wheat cultivars.Variaciones en el contenido de vitamina E, el contenido fenólico y las propiedades antioxidantes de cultivares de trigo procedentes de Corea del Sur RESUMEN El presente estudio analizó el perfil de 32 cultivares de trigo integral, determinando su contenido de vitamina E, el contenido fenólico total (TPC) y la actividad antioxidante. Para facilitar su identificación, las muestras fueron clasificadas según su dureza (HW: trigo duro, MW: trigo medio, SW: trigo blando). Se comprobó que el contenido total de vitamina E osciló entre 64,38 SW2~1 11,83 MW9 mg/kg, y que los homólogos predominantes fueron α-Tocoferol (6,03 MW13~2 1,98 MW2 mg/kg), β-T (2,14 MW8~2 1,01 MW9 mg/kg), α-Tocotrienol (4,28 MW12~9 ,34 MW9 mg/kg) y β-T3 (38,71 MW16~6 1,07 MW9 mg/kg), siendo β-T3 el que presentó mayor concentración. La AA varió entre 334,40 MW4 y 584,80 HW4 μmol equivalentes de ácido gálico (GAE)/kg, mientras que el TPC osciló entre 1139,70 SW6 y 2772,60 MW1 μmol GAE/kg. Independientemente del índice de dureza, se registraron diferencias significativas en el contenido de vitamina E, el TPC y la AA de los distintos cultivares. Asimismo, se constató una correlación muy débil entre el TPC y la AA, y una correlación negativa moderada entre el contenido de vitamina E y la AA. Los resultados de este estudio pueden servir de base para la realización de estudios adicionales sobre perfiles bioactivos de cultivares de trigo coreano. ARTICLE HISTORY

Research on the variations in the volatile compound and vitamin content in space foods after storage on the TG-1 spacecraft

“…Changes in the volatile compound contents directly affect the sensory acceptance of space foods, which in turn affects the astronauts' food intake. Compared to other nutrients in foods, such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and minerals, vitamins are more environmentally susceptible, more easily degraded, and undergo structural changes under certain conditions encountered during processing or storage, such as heat, oxidation, and radiation (Dionísio et al, 2009;Jeong et al, 2017;Leskova et al, 2006). In this study, water-soluble vitamins and vitamin E (a fat-soluble vitamin) were selected as representative indicators.…”