Varicella Vaccines

Gershon, Anne A.; Marin, Mona; Seward, Jane F.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-35761-6.00062-6

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 672 publications

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“…Individuals who develop breakthrough varicella with no vesicular lesions should be considered infectious until no new maculopapular lesions appear within a 24-hour period (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018). Secondary varicella infection rates range from 61% to 100% among susceptible household contacts exposed to patients with varicella (Gershon et al, 2018).…”

Section: Results and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HZ is less contagious than varicella, but VZV transmission from patients with HZ does occur and can lead to development of varicella in susceptible persons (Cohen, 2013, Gershon et al, 2018). A surveillance study conducted in Philadelphia from 2003 to 2010 reported that in 9% of 290 HZ cases and 15% of 1358 varicella cases at least one other person became secondarily infected via VZV exposure (Viner et al, 2012).…”

Section: Results and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunocompromised persons and other specific patient groups are at higher risk for severe varicella infections and complications (Table 1) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015, Marin et al, 2013, Gnann, 2002, Moffat et al, 2007, Lamont et al, 2011, Bapat and Koren, 2013). Populations at higher risk for severe complications are also at higher risk for death (Moffat et al, 2007, Gershon et al, 2015, Gershon, 2017, Gershon et al, 2018).…”

Section: Results and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varicella-zoster virus post-exposure management and prophylaxis: A review

Lachiewicz¹,

Srinivas²

2019

Preventive Medicine Reports

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HighlightsRisk of primary varicella-zoster infection persists among children and adults.Severity risk is higher among immunocompromised, pregnant, and newborn hosts.Exposure, evidence of immunity, and immune status determine recommended prophylaxis.Vaccination may prevent infection or mitigate disease severity in eligible persons.Varicella zoster immune globulin is recommended for certain individuals.

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Section: Results and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varicella-zoster virus post-exposure management and prophylaxis: A review

Lachiewicz¹,

Srinivas²

2019

Preventive Medicine Reports

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“…After the first dose, we assumed a waning rate of 2% per year. No waning was assumed after the second dose [28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…had had varicella at some time point before that age [ 1 ]. Varicella is generally a mild disease in children that lasts about a week [ 2 ], but complications can occur. The risk of severe disease is higher in adults and immunocompromised persons [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-effectiveness of varicella and herpes zoster vaccination in Sweden: An economic evaluation using a dynamic transmission model

et al. 2021

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Objectives Comprehensive cost-effectiveness analyses of introducing varicella and/or herpes zoster vaccination in the Swedish national vaccination programme. Design Cost-effectiveness analyses based on epidemiological results from a specifically developed transmission model. Setting National vaccination programme in Sweden, over an 85- or 20-year time horizon depending on the vaccination strategy. Participants Hypothetical cohorts of people aged 12 months and 65-years at baseline. Interventions Four alternative vaccination strategies; 1, not to vaccinate; 2, varicella vaccination with one dose of the live attenuated vaccine at age 12 months and a second dose at age 18 months; 3, herpes zoster vaccination with one dose of the live attenuated vaccine at 65 years of age; and 4, both vaccine against varicella and herpes zoster with the before-mentioned strategies. Main outcome measures Accumulated cost and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) for each strategy, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER). Results It would be cost-effective to vaccinate against varicella (dominant), but not to vaccinate against herpes zoster (ICER of EUR 200,000), assuming a cost-effectiveness threshold of EUR 50,000 per QALY. The incremental analysis between varicella vaccination only and the combined programme results in a cost per gained QALY of almost EUR 1.6 million. Conclusions The results from this study are central components for policy-relevant decision-making, and suggest that it was cost-effective to introduce varicella vaccination in Sweden, whereas herpes zoster vaccination with the live attenuated vaccine for the elderly was not cost-effective–the health effects of the latter vaccination cannot be considered reasonable in relation to its costs. Future observational and surveillance studies are needed to make reasonable predictions on how boosting affects the herpes zoster incidence in the population, and thus the cost-effectiveness of a vaccination programme against varicella. Also, the link between herpes zoster and sequelae need to be studied in more detail to include it suitably in health economic evaluations.

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