Varietal Screening of Wheat Genotypes against Spot Blotch Disease (Bipolaris sorokiniana) Under Field Condition at Bhairahawa, Nepal

Pandey, Anju; Paudel, R.; Kafle, K.; Sharma, Monica; Maharjan, N.; Das, N. P.; Basnet, Roshan

doi:10.3126/jiaas.v35i1.22555

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The maximum mean AUDPC was found in 8HLBSN52 (Table 1). Similar results were also reported by some other authors, late heading results in the lesser development of disease while early heading results in more disease development (Pandey et al, 2018). This result is alike to the findings of Sharma et al, (2007) Genotypes late in heading have lower disease severity, it is due to slower plant development and shorter period of exposure of the plant to a pathogen.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Days To Headingsupporting

confidence: 91%

Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Spot Blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc.) Resistance in Terai Condition of Nepal

2022

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Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a major disease of wheat in warm and humid regions of Nepal. The fungus has a worldwide distribution but as a pathogen, it is the most aggressive under the conditions of high relative humidity and temperature associated with the low fertility of soils in Nepal. The yield loss due to the disease is very significant in Nepal. This experiment was conducted to identify the genotypes having a good level of resistance against spot blotch. The experiment set was received from CIMMYT comprises 52 entries and arranged in alpha lattice design with two replications in 2017/18 at National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa, Nepal, and Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal. Each plot size was 8 rows of 2 meters long. Three times disease scoring was done in the double-digit method and calculated the Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Other data were analyzed by using R software (4.2.2). Heading days, days to maturity, plant height, number of grains per spike (NGPS), number of tillers per meter square (NTPM), mean AUDPC, thousand-grain weight (TGW), and grain yield were found highly significant. The genotype 8HLBSN47 was found the highest yielder (4996kg/ha) with a 304 mean AUDPC value. Seventeen genotypes (15.3%) found the lowest mean AUDPC, Penultimate leaf AUDPC, Flag leaf AUDPC, and the highest number of tillers per square meter, number of grains per spike, thousand-grain weight, and grain yield. Keywords: AUDPC, spot blotch, genotypes, HLBSN

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Section: Results and Discussion Days To Headingsupporting

confidence: 91%

Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Spot Blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc.) Resistance in Terai Condition of Nepal

2022

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“…The maximum mean AUDPC was found in 8HLBSN52 (Table 1). Similar results were also reported by some other authors, late heading results in the lesser development of disease while early heading results in more disease development (Pandey et al, 2018). This result is alike to the findings of Sharma et al (2007), Shrestha et al (1998), Duveiller and Dubin (2002).…”

Section: Days To Headingsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for spot blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc) resistance in terai condition of Nepal

Basnet

Shrestha

Bandari

et al. 2022

Arch. Agric. Environ. Sci.

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Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a major disease of wheat in warm and humid regions of Nepal. The fungus has a worldwide distribution but as a pathogen, it is the most aggressive under the conditions of high relative humidity and temperature associated with the low fertility of soils in Nepal. The yield loss due to the disease is very significant in Nepal. This experiment was conducted to identify the genotypes having a good level of resistance against spot blotch. The experiment set was received from CIMMYT comprises 52 genotypes and arranged in alpha lattice design with two replications in 2017/18 at National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa, Nepal, and Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal. Each plot size was 8 rows of 2 meters long. Three times disease scoring was done in the double-digit method and calculated the Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Other data were analyzed by using R software (4.2.2). Heading days, days to maturity, plant height, number of grains per spike (NGPS), number of tillers per meter square (NTPM), mean AUDPC, thousand-grain weight (TGW), and grain yield were found highly significant. The genotype 8HLBSN47 was found the highest yielder (4996kg/ha) with a 304 mean AUDPC value. Seventeen genotypes (15.3%) found the lowest mean AUDPC, Penultimate leaf AUDPC, Flag leaf AUDPC, and the highest number of tillers per square meter, number of grains per spike, thousand-grain weight, and grain yield.

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“…Significant negative correlation between AUDPC of foliage diseases and dry matter yield indicate negative impact of these diseases on herbage yield of improved Brachiaria cultivars. This might be attributed to the reduction of the photosynthetic area in the diseased leaf tissues as reported for wheat diseases (Kandel et al 2014;Lamsal et al 2017;Pandey et al 2018), as well as pathogen's dependence on host for nutrients and water. We observed significant and negative correlation between leaf rust and foliar blight and plant height conferring the negative effect of diseases on plant growth and development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Response of improved Brachiaria (Urochloa) grass cultivars to foliar diseases and their agronomic performances in Rwanda

Uzayisenga

Mutimura

Muthomi

et al. 2021

African Journal of Range & Forage Science

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This is the final version of the article that is published ahead of the print and online issue Brachiaria (Urochloa) grass is one of the most important tropical forages distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of eastern and western hemispheres (Renvoize et al. 1996). Brachiaria grass possess several characteristics of agricultural and environmental significance, such as high biomass yield, nutritious to livestock, drought and shade tolerance, soil fertility improvement, high nutrient use efficiency, mitigation of the climate change adversity and effective bioagents for pests and parasitic weed management (Subbarao et al. 2009;Maass et al. 2015;Khan et al. 2016). The genus Brachiaria consists of approximately 100 species, of which seven perennial species of African origin have been exploited for fodder production, and they have been cultivated in Asia, Australia, the South Pacific, and South America at various scales (Stür et al. 1996;Jank et al. 2014). Brachiaria species are a common and valuable constituent of natural vegetation in East Africa (Boonman 1993), but their use as sown pasture for animal production is very recent in the region (Maass et al. 2015;Njarui et al. 2016). A broad adaptation, excellent animal performances and high biomass yields are among the major factors that promote a wider and rapid adoption of Brachiaria grass across the tropics and subtropics. However, the productivity of Brachiaria grass is affected by different abiotic and biotic factors, including diseases causing high yield losses (Nzioki et al. 2016; Hernandez et al. 2017). Diseases of Brachiaria grass, their symptoms, geographical distribution, and management options have been reviewed by Valerio et al. (1996). These diseases have negative impact on livestock productivity, because they reduce forage yields and quality.Brachiaria grass is one of the preferred forages by livestock keepers in Rwanda and in other East African countries (Mutimura and Everson 2012;Maass et al. 2015). As mentioned earlier, diseases are among the major biotic constraints of Brachiaria grass production, and diseases, such as leaf rust, leaf spot, and leaf blight are reported to cause economic loss (Lenné and Trutman 1994;Miles et al. 1996;Rao et al. 1996;Alvarez et al. 2014;Maass et al. 2015). For instance, leaf rust can cause up to 100% yield loss, reduces leaf crude protein content to between 49 and 53% and subsides availability of other nutrients (Lenné and Trutman 1994). Similarly, leaf blight reduces forage biomass yield by approximately 50% in the tropics (Alvarez et al. 2013). Recent studies have shown widespread distribution of leaf rust, leaf spot, and leaf blight diseases in Kenya and Rwanda (Nzioki et al. 2016;Uzayisenga et al. 2020). Therefore, sustainability of Brachiaria grass production in Africa relies on how well these diseases are managed.Many pastures including Brachiaria grass are considered low-value crops, often cultivated in large acreage and management of diseases using chemical is too costly and

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Varietal Screening of Wheat Genotypes against Spot Blotch Disease (Bipolaris sorokiniana) Under Field Condition at Bhairahawa, Nepal

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Spot Blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc.) Resistance in Terai Condition of Nepal

Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Spot Blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc.) Resistance in Terai Condition of Nepal

Evaluation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for spot blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc) resistance in terai condition of Nepal

Response of improved Brachiaria (Urochloa) grass cultivars to foliar diseases and their agronomic performances in Rwanda

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