Vascular Complications After Chin Augmentation Using Hyaluronic Acid

Abstract

Vascular complications after hyaluronic acid (HA) filling of the chin have rarely been reported. In this report, two cases of vascular occlusion after HA augmentation of the mentum are presented. The first case involved local skin necrosis that resulted from a massive microcirculatory embolism and/or external compression of the chin skin microvasculature. The second case involved vascular compromise in the tongue that resulted from HA injection in the chin. The diagnosis was established on the basis of interventional angiography findings. Concerning the pathogenesis, we hypothesized that the filler embolus flowed into the branches of the deep lingual artery through the rich vascular anastomoses among the submental, sublingual, and deep lingual arteries, after being accidentally injected into the submental artery (or its branches). Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Telomere length and genetic variations affecting telomere length as biomarkers for facial regeneration with platelet‐rich fibrin based on the low‐speed centrifugation concept

“…Autologous sources for soft tissue augmentation have been sought by physicians, especially in the field of aesthetic medicine due to the possible transient effects associated with foreign materials including the possibility of granuloma formation and chronic or delayed infections caused by biodegradable foreign substances . Furthermore, exogenous autologous growth factor safety, especially in relation to cancer, has not been established.…”

“…Autologous sources for soft tissue augmentation have been sought by physicians, especially in the field of aesthetic medicine due to the possible transient effects associated with foreign materials including the possibility of granuloma formation and chronic or delayed infections caused by biodegradable foreign substances. 24 Furthermore, exogenous autologous growth factor safety, especially in relation to cancer, has not been established. As a result, autologous platelets products containing growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming-growth factor (TGF, especially TGF-b), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF), have been studied extensively over the last decade.…”

Investigation of the presence and variation of the ascending mental artery: Conventional dissections and ultrasonographic study

“…Chin augmentation may be a possible cause of ocular, central nervous system complications, and soft tissue infarction. However, due to an explosive increase in demand for filler treatments, tongue and skin infarction has recently been reported . Wang Q et al reported arterial complications after chin augmentation.…”

“…Wang Q et al reported arterial complications after chin augmentation. The first case suffered from chin necrosis, and the second case involved vascular compromise in the tongue . Fang M et al presented a case with immediate pain during swallowing and impending skin necrosis on the chin and submental area .…”

“…This intimate relationship between the sublingual artery and the submental artery may increase the risk of lingual infarction during chin augmentation. Wang et al investigated inpatients with chin necrosis and tongue ischemia and described the connection between the sublingual and the submental arteries through the floor of mouth . This study aimed to verify the anastomosis and determine the presence of the ascending mental artery as a branch or communication of the sublingual artery.…”