Vascular expression of Populus LRR-RLK genes and the effects of their overexpression on wood formation

Wang, Rui; Ji, Yan; Wang, Jiehua; Yang, Shaohui; Song, Yingjin

doi:10.1007/s11032-015-0386-2

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, we were able to show that expression of PttWOX4a/b , a positive regulator of cambial activity, and PttPXYa were upregulated in the stems of PttCLE41 overexpresser plants. Moreover, it has been reported recently that tissue‐specific coexpression of PttCLE41b and PttPXYa under phloem‐ and cambium‐specific promoters, respectively, causes an increase in the cell division rate of the vascular cambium (Etchells et al ., ) and that PttPXYa overexpression leads to expanded secondary xylem in hybrid aspen trees (Wang et al ., ), suggesting that these genes can act as promoters of the cambial activity. Finally, we also observed that PttPXYa and PttCLE41b gene expression was downregulated in PttWOX4a/b RNAi plants compared with wild‐type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WUSCHEL‐RELATED HOMEOBOX4 (WOX4)‐like genes regulate cambial cell division activity and secondary growth in Populus trees

et al. 2017

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Plant secondary growth derives from the meristematic activity of the vascular cambium. In Arabidopsis thaliana, cell divisions in the cambium are regulated by the transcription factor WOX4, a key target of the CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (ESR)-RELATED 41 (CLE41) signaling pathway. However, function of the WOX4-like genes in plants that are dependent on a much more prolific secondary growth, such as trees, remains unclear. Here, we investigate the role of WOX4 and CLE41 homologs for stem secondary growth in Populus trees. In Populus, PttWOX4 genes are specifically expressed in the cambial region during vegetative growth, but not after growth cessation and during dormancy, possibly involving a regulation by auxin. In PttWOX4a/b RNAi trees, primary growth was not affected whereas the width of the vascular cambium was severely reduced and secondary growth was greatly diminished. Our data show that in Populus trees, PttWOX4 genes control cell division activity in the vascular cambium, and hence growth in stem girth. This activity involves the positive regulation of PttWOX4a/b through PttCLE41-related genes. Finally, expression profiling suggests that the CLE41 signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved program for the regulation of vascular cambium activity between angiosperm and gymnosperm tree species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work implied that PttPXYa is expressed in the woodforming zone of Populus during stem secondary growth (Schrader et al, 2004b;Wang et al, 2015;Immanen et al, 2016). We examined the respective expression patterns of Populus spp.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

WUSCHEL‐RELATED HOMEOBOX4 (WOX4)‐like genes regulate cambial cell division activity and secondary growth in Populus trees

et al. 2017

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“…Furthermore, in analogy to the apical meristems, a negative regulation for cambium homeostasis is to be expected. Although several LRR‐RLKs have been detected to be expressed associated with the cambium in woody species (Wang et al ., ), no such negative regulation has been characterized to date. Thus, it is unclear how strictly bidirectional tissue production is achieved and how the regulatory networks that are involved are spatially organized to produce such a tightly controlled system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MOL1 is required for cambium homeostasis in Arabidopsis

et al. 2016

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SummaryPlants maintain pools of pluripotent stem cells which allow them to constantly produce new tissues and organs. Stem cell homeostasis in shoot and root tips depends on negative regulation by ligand–receptor pairs of the CLE peptide and leucine‐rich repeat receptor‐like kinase (LRR‐RLK) families. However, regulation of the cambium, the stem cell niche required for lateral growth of shoots and roots, is poorly characterized. Here we show that the LRR‐RLK MOL1 is necessary for cambium homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. By employing promoter reporter lines, we reveal that MOL1 is active in a domain that is distinct from the domain of the positively acting CLE41/PXY signaling module. In particular, we show that MOL1 acts in an opposing manner to the CLE41/PXY module and that changing the domain or level of MOL1 expression both result in disturbed cambium organization. Underlining discrete roles of MOL1 and PXY, both LRR‐RLKs are not able to replace each other when their expression domains are interchanged. Furthermore, MOL1 but not PXY is able to rescue CLV1 deficiency in the shoot apical meristem. By identifying genes mis‐expressed in mol1 mutants, we demonstrate that MOL1 represses genes associated with stress‐related ethylene and jasmonic acid hormone signaling pathways which have known roles in coordinating lateral growth of the Arabidopsis stem. Our findings provide evidence that common regulatory mechanisms in different plant stem cell niches are adapted to specific niche anatomies and emphasize the importance of a complex spatial organization of intercellular signaling cascades for a strictly bidirectional tissue production.

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“…The understanding of RLK functions in woody Populus , which has more RLK genes than herbaceous Arabidopsis, is limited. Transcriptomic studies in stem secondary growth have revealed that a group of RLKs are specifically expressed in vascular cambium and developing xylem (Song et al ., 2011; J. Wang et al ., 2015; R. Wang et al ., 2015; Wu et al ., 2016). More than 50 RLKs were identified through proteomic analysis of plasma membrane proteins, including brassinosteroids receptor brassinosteroid‐insensitive 1 (BRI1) and cytokinin receptor cytokinin response 1 (CRE1) expressed in Populus vascular cambium and developing xylem (Song et al ., 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening genome‐editing knockouts reveals the receptor‐like kinase ASX role in regulations of secondary xylem development in Populus

et al. 2023

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Summary In trees, secondary xylem development is essential for the growth of perennial stem increments. Many signals regulate the process of development, but our knowledge of the molecular components involved in signal transduction is still limited. In this study, we identified Attenuation of Secondary Xylem (ASX) knockouts by screening genome‐editing knockouts of xylem‐expressed receptor‐like kinases (RLKs) in Populus. The ASX role in secondary xylem development in Populus was discovered using biochemical, cellular, and genomic analyses. The ASX knockout plants had abnormal secondary stem growth but had little effect on shoot apical primary growth. ASX and SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE (SERK)2/4 were co‐precipitated in developing xylem. Through their interaction, ASX is phosphorylated by SERK. Transcriptome analysis of developing xylem revealed that ASX deficiency inhibited the transcriptional activity of genes involved in xylem differentiation and secondary cell wall formation. By forming a complex, ASX and SERK may function as a signaling module for signal transduction required in the regulation of secondary xylem development in trees. This study shows that ASX, which encodes a RLKs, is required for secondary xylem development and sheds light on regulatory signals found in tree stem secondary growth.

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Vascular expression of Populus LRR-RLK genes and the effects of their overexpression on wood formation

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

WUSCHEL‐RELATED HOMEOBOX4 (WOX4)‐like genes regulate cambial cell division activity and secondary growth in Populus trees

WUSCHEL‐RELATED HOMEOBOX4 (WOX4)‐like genes regulate cambial cell division activity and secondary growth in Populus trees

MOL1 is required for cambium homeostasis in Arabidopsis

Screening genome‐editing knockouts reveals the receptor‐like kinase ASX role in regulations of secondary xylem development in Populus

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