Vascular heat shock protein expression in response to stress. Endocrine and autonomic regulation of this age-dependent response.

Abstract

Adaptation to stress requires coordinated interactions between the vascular and endocrine systems. Previously we demonstrated that restraint stress induces the expression of the major heat shock protein, HSP7O, in the adrenal cortex of the rat. Here we demonstrate that restraint also induces expression of HSP70 in the vasculafure. We further demonstrate that the adrenal and vascular responses are differentially regulated: the adrenal response is adrenocorticotropin dependent, whereas the vascular response is under adrenergic control. In addition, the adrenal response is restricted to members of the HSP70 gene family, whereas in vascular tissue the low molecular weight HSP, HSP27, is also induced by restraint. Further characterization of the vascular response revealed that HSP70 induction occurred in both the thoracic and abdominal aortas as well as in the vena cava. However, no HSP70 induction was apparent in the heart or in a wide variety of other tissues examined. In situ hybridization showed that the vascular expression was localized to the aortic smooth muscle cells with minimal expression in the endothelium. Induction of HSP70 mRNA in both the adrenal cortex and aorta was followed by an elevation in HSP70 protein. Maximum HSP70 protein levels were seen within 3-12 h after restraint, but declined thereafter. Stress induced HSP70 expression was dramatically reduced with age, which may explain, in part, the diminished tolerance to stress seen in elderly individuals. (J. Clin. Invest. 1993.91:465473.)

Acute hypertension activates mitogen-activated protein kinases in arterial wall.

“…Polyethylene catheters were inserted via the common femoral vein into the inferior vena cava under thiopental (40 mg/kg i.m.) anesthesia (19). The catheters were tunneled through the subcutaneous tissue to exit from the back where they were connected to a swivel device (Rodent Multi-fluid Channel Swivel; Stoelting Co., Wood Dall, IL).…”

“…Freshly harvested tissues were homogenized and the RNA extracted using RNA Stat-60 TM (Tel-Test "B", Inc., Friendswood, TX). Total RNA (10 g/lane) was analyzed using [ ␣ -32 P-labeled cDNA probes for specific mRNA species and standard procedures as described previously (17,19).…”

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 is a major stress-regulated gene: Implications for stress-induced thrombosis in aged individuals

“…This response is best characterized in the neuro-endocrine system (e.g., the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis; ref. 10), and in this setting, may be mediated, at least in part, by the activation of the glucocorticoid cascade (11) and of the sympathetic nervous system (12,13).…”

Fluid Shear Stress Induces Heat Shock Protein 60 Expression in Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

“…[1][2][3] This response is markedly conserved throughout evolution, from bacteria to humans. Hsps are divided into 4 major families according to their molecular mass (30,60,70, and 90 kDa).…”