Vascular risk factors for primary open angle glaucoma The Egna-Neumarkt Study

Bonomi, L.; Marchini, Giorgio; Marraffa, M.; Bernardi, Paolo; Morbio, Roberta; Varotto, Aldo

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(00)00138-x

Cited by 660 publications

(532 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Based on the above, one may suggest that age is a confounder in the BP-IOP relationship. However, in most studies the association of BP and IOP remained statistically significant after adjustment for age [8, 9, 12-17]. Therefore, it seems that the association of BP with IOP is independent of age.…”

Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In several population-based studies BP and IOP have been reported to be positively associated in both healthy individuals [8-11] and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) subjects [12-17]. In some studies this association was found for systolic BP, but not for diastolic BP [10, 11].…”

Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some studies this association was found for systolic BP, but not for diastolic BP [10, 11]. Also, most studies report a positive association between age and IOP [8, 9, 12, 13, 18, 19], while a negative association has been reported by few Japanese studies [11, 20]. In addition, a positive association has been reported between age and BP [21, 22].…”

Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, hypertension has not been consistently reported as a risk factor for glaucoma [12, 13, 24-28]. An association between hypertension and glaucoma has been initially reported by non population-based studies [24, 25].…”

Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later, some population-based studies confirmed this association [12, 13, 26], while others did not [27, 28]. Among studies confirming this association, results were adjusted for IOP in the Rotterdam Study [13] and the Blue Mountains Eye Study [26], while in the Egna-Neumarkt Study they were not [12]. …”

Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weighing in Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Managing Glaucoma

Topouzis

Founti²

2009

TOOPHTJ

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The role of vascular risk factors in glaucoma is increasingly being supported by the literature, with the association between low ocular perfusion pressure (PP) and glaucoma being the most consistent result. However, we need to be cautious when interpreting these results and consider all possible confounders in the observed associations. While we assess PP through its principal components, the weight of intraocular pressure (IOP) and blood pressure (BP) in the PP equation remains unknown. Also, the role of PP in glaucoma needs to be elucidated with regards to IOP and BP fluctuation during the 24hour period and the effect of IOP-lowering and BP-lowering treatment. The complexity of the interaction of PP with other potential risk factors for glaucoma means that PP cannot be currently considered in the assessment of an individual patient. The role of PP in glaucoma warrants further research and randomized clinical trials assessing PP should include vision and/or structure preservation as end-points and ideally address all of the above issues.

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Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: From Pp To Its Principal Components: Bp and Iopmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weighing in Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Managing Glaucoma

Topouzis

Founti²

2009

TOOPHTJ

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The Prevalence of Glaucoma in a Population-Based Study of Hispanic Subjects

West²,

et al. 2001

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Objective:To determine the prevalence of glaucoma in a population-based sample of Hispanic adults older than 40 years.Methods: Using 1990 census data for Arizona, groups of persons living in sections of the city in Nogales and Tucson were randomly selected with a probability proportional to the Hispanic population older than 40 years. We tried to recruit all eligible adults in homes with 1 selfdescribed Hispanic adult. Detailed ocular examinations at a local clinic included visual acuity testing, applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, an optic disc evaluation, and a threshold visual field test. Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) was defined using a proposed international system for prevalence surveys, including threshold visual field defect and optic disc damage. Angle-closure glaucoma was defined as bilateral appositional angle closure, combined with optic nerve damage (judged by field and disc as for OAG).Results: Examinations were conducted in 72% (4774/ 6658) of eligible persons, with a 1.97% prevalence (95% confidence interval, 1.58%-2.36%) of OAG (94 persons). The age-specific OAG prevalence increased nonlinearly from 0.50% in those aged 41 to 49 years to 12.63% in those 80 years and older. Angle-closure glaucoma was detected in 5 persons (0.10%). Sex, blood pressure, and cigarette smoking were not significant OAG risk factors. Only 36 (38%) of the 94 persons with OAG were aware of their OAG before the study. Screening results with an intraocular pressure higher than 22 mm Hg (in the eye with a higher pressure) would miss 80% of the OAG cases. Conclusions:The prevalence of OAG in Hispanic persons was intermediate between reported values for white and black persons. The prevalence increased more quickly with increasing age than in other ethnic groups. Glaucoma was the leading cause of bilateral blindness.

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Incident Open-Angle Glaucoma and Blood Pressure

Leske¹

2002

Arch Ophthalmol

230

127

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Background: The risk of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) may be related to low blood pressure (BP) relative to intraocular pressure (IOP), ie, to low perfusion pressure (PP). Alternatively, systemic hypertension may increase OAG risk. Objective: To clarify these possible relationships by evaluating hypertension and PP (where PP=BP−IOP) as risk factors for incident OAG in a black population. Design: Population-based cohort study (85% participation); simple random sample of residents of Barbados, West Indies, aged 40 years and older. Participants: Two thousand nine hundred eightynine black participants at risk; 67 developed OAG after 4 years (2.2% incidence). Main Outcome Measure: Adjusted relative risk (RR) of OAG from logistic regression analyses. Results: The 4-year risk increased markedly with baseline IOP. With an IOP less than or equal to 17 mm Hg,

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Vascular risk factors for primary open angle glaucoma The Egna-Neumarkt Study

Cited by 660 publications

References 27 publications

Weighing in Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Managing Glaucoma

Weighing in Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Managing Glaucoma

The Prevalence of Glaucoma in a Population-Based Study of Hispanic Subjects

Incident Open-Angle Glaucoma and Blood Pressure

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