“…Reduced food intake after intraperitoneally administered AVP was also observed in adult male rats [ 56 ]. These hypophagic phenomenon were, at least in part, mediated by α1-adrenergic receptors [ 56 , 57 ]. While hunger usually occurs in the absence of, or prior to, absorption of nutrients, only some of the signals that inhibit food intake can be associated with caloric homeostasis as food intake will be decreased after administration of nauseogenic chemical agents [ [58] , [59] , [60] ], or dehydration [ 61 , 62 ].…”