VCAM1 Is Essential to Maintain the Structure of the SVZ Niche and Acts as an Environmental Sensor to Regulate SVZ Lineage Progression

Kokovay, Erzsebet; Wang, Yue; Kusek, Gretchen; Wurster, Rachel; Lederman, Patty; Lowry, Natalia; Shen, Qin; Temple, Sally

doi:10.1016/j.stem.2012.06.016

Cited by 184 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…This suggests that quiescence involves a profound change in the attachment of NSCs to the ECM and neighboring cells, as previously suggested for NSCs in the adult SEZ (Kazanis et al 2010;Kokovay et al 2010Kokovay et al , 2012 and for other types of adult stem cells (Venezia et al 2004;Fukada et al 2007;Pallafacchina et al 2010;Brohl et al 2012). For example, entry of hematopoietic stem cells into quiescence involves homing to their cellular niche, which is mediated by integrins and the transmembrane glycoprotein endoglin (which are significantly induced in quiescent NS cells) (Supplemental Table S1; Venezia et al 2004).…”

Section: An In Vitro Model Of Nsc Quiescencesupporting

confidence: 64%

Epigenomic enhancer annotation reveals a key role for NFIX in neural stem cell quiescence

Martynoga¹,

et al. 2013

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The majority of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult brain are quiescent, and this fraction increases with aging. Although signaling pathways that promote NSC quiescence have been identified, the transcriptional mechanisms involved are mostly unknown, largely due to lack of a cell culture model. In this study, we first demonstrate that NSC cultures (NS cells) exposed to BMP4 acquire cellular and transcriptional characteristics of quiescent cells. We then use epigenomic profiling to identify enhancers associated with the quiescent NS cell state. Motif enrichment analysis of these enhancers predicts a major role for the nuclear factor one (NFI) family in the gene regulatory network controlling NS cell quiescence. Interestingly, we found that the family member NFIX is robustly induced when NS cells enter quiescence. Using genome-wide location analysis and overexpression and silencing experiments, we demonstrate that NFIX has a major role in the induction of quiescence in cultured NSCs. Transcript profiling of NS cells overexpressing or silenced for Nfix and the phenotypic analysis of the hippocampus of Nfix mutant mice suggest that NFIX controls the quiescent state by regulating the interactions of NSCs with their microenvironment.

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Section: An In Vitro Model Of Nsc Quiescencesupporting

confidence: 64%

Epigenomic enhancer annotation reveals a key role for NFIX in neural stem cell quiescence

Martynoga¹,

et al. 2013

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“…Because sinusoidal blood vessels, which have been suggested to serve as one of the HSC niche sites, express abundant HA, CD44 might help anchor HSCs in the perivascular niche. Interestingly, Vcam1 is also expressed in NSCs, and its functional disruption leads to loss of the pinwheel niche architecture and ultimately to NSC loss (Kokovay et al, 2012). Together, these results suggest that other classes of adhesion molecules in addition to cadherins and integrins are also involved in the regulation of stem cell-niche interactions (Fig.…”

Section: Other Classes Of Adhesion Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Adhesion in the stem cell niche: biological roles and regulation

2013

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Stem cell self-renewal is tightly controlled by the concerted action of stem cell-intrinsic factors and signals within the niche. Niche signals often function within a short range, allowing cells in the niche to self-renew while their daughters outside the niche differentiate. Thus, in order for stem cells to continuously self-renew, they are often anchored in the niche via adhesion molecules. In addition to niche anchoring, however, recent studies have revealed other important roles for adhesion molecules in the regulation of stem cell function, and it is clear that stem cell-niche adhesion is crucial for stem cell self-renewal and is dynamically regulated. Here, we highlight recent progress in understanding adhesion between stem cells and their niche and how this adhesion is regulated.

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“…Recent work in mice has begun to identify choroid plexus-derived factors that regulate adult neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Choroid plexus-derived interleukin 1β and neurotrophin 3 in the CSF promote neural stem cell quiescence [35,69]. Importantly, the LVCP is emerging as a key niche compartment of the adult V-SVZ, which not only affects stem cells, but also each stage of the lineage [137].…”

Section: Adultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular anatomy and functions of the choroidal blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in health and disease

et al. 2018

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The barrier between the blood and the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is located at the choroid plexuses. At the interface between two circulating fluids, these richly vascularized veil-like structures display a peculiar morphology explained by their developmental origin, and fulfill several functions essential for CNS homeostasis. They form a neuroprotective barrier preventing the accumulation of noxious compounds into the CSF and brain, and secrete CSF, which participates in the maintenance of a stable CNS internal environment. The CSF circulation plays an important role in volume transmission within the developing and adult brain, and CSF compartments are key to the immune surveillance of the CNS. In these contexts, the choroid plexuses are an important source of biologically active molecules involved in brain development, stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and brain repair. By sensing both physiological changes in brain homeostasis and peripheral or central insults such as inflammation, they also act as sentinels for the CNS. Finally, their role in the control of immune cell traffic between the blood and the CSF confers on the choroid plexuses a function in neuroimmune regulation and implicates them in neuroinflammation. The choroid plexuses, therefore, deserve more attention while investigating the pathophysiology of CNS diseases and related comorbidities.

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VCAM1 Is Essential to Maintain the Structure of the SVZ Niche and Acts as an Environmental Sensor to Regulate SVZ Lineage Progression

Cited by 184 publications

References 66 publications

Epigenomic enhancer annotation reveals a key role for NFIX in neural stem cell quiescence

Epigenomic enhancer annotation reveals a key role for NFIX in neural stem cell quiescence

Adhesion in the stem cell niche: biological roles and regulation

Molecular anatomy and functions of the choroidal blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in health and disease

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