Vegetative adaptation in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis

Abstract

Aim: to assess autonomic regulation by analyzing heart rate variability in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis (CO). Patients and Methods: the study involved 31 patients with CO and 30 healthy volunteers (control group). Clinical parameters of the biliary system and autonomic nervous system were as-sessed in all participants. The Baevsky method of mathematical analysis of heart rhythm was used to study autonomic nervous system functions. Parameters characterizing the activity of various branches of the autonomic nervous system were calculated. The results obtained were processed using the original CORVEG program. Results and Discussion: frequency analysis in patients with CO revealed significant deviations of SD, AMo, and CV in the supine position and EV, MSD, Mo, and AMo in active orthostatic position, thereby illustrating an increase in the effect of the sympathetic branch and a reduction in the effect of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system (a decrease in heart rate variability in the CO group). Values of the HF and LF waves were significantly higher in the CO group (p<0.05) in the supine position, thereby illustrating an impairment of humoral regulation and a decrease in the activity of intersystem regulation. Changes in the parameters of heart rate regulation significantly (p<0.05) showed increased sympathetic regulation at rest and orthostasis in CO. Their autonomic homeostasis shifted toward the sympathetic nervous system both at rest and during exercise. Moreover, in some patients (31%), central dysregulation was detected. Autonomic tone and autonomic reactivity in CO were also significantly (p<0.05) shifted toward sympathicotonia and hypersympathicotonia. Conclusion: in CO, deviations at all levels of autonomic regulation were detected, which manifested as increased activity of the sympathetic branch and decreased parasympathetic regulation, vasoreflex and baroreflex mechanisms, and humoral regulation. KEYWORDS: chronic opisthorchiasis, Opisthorchis felineus, autonomic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, sympathetic nervous system, heart rate variability, cardiointervalography. FOR CITATION: Plotnikova E.Yu., Karbysheva N.V., Nikonorova M.A., Beskhlebova O.V., Ivanova M.E., Sinkov M.A., Kanner E.V., Kanner I.D. Vegetative adaptation in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(11):725–732 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587- 6821-2023-7-11-4.