Vehicular exhaust emissions under current and alternative future policy measures for megacity Delhi, India

Jain, Suresh; Aggarwal, Preeti; Sharma, Prateek; Kumar, Prashant

doi:10.1016/j.jth.2016.06.005

Cited by 46 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Henceforth, it is evident from the above equations that NO x concentrations significantly control O 3 photochemistry. Several previous studies over the Indian subcontinent revealed that vehicular emissions are the major source of NO x (Aggarwal and Jain 2015 ; Jain et al 2016 ). Recently, Singh and Chauhan ( 2020 ) also reported a significant reduction in tropospheric NO 2 over eastern India during lockdown as compared to the same period of 2019.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on variation of atmospheric pollutants over Bhubaneswar during imposition of nationwide lockdown in India for the COVID-19 pandemic

Panda

Mallik

Nath

et al. 2020

Air Qual Atmos Health

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The nationwide lockdown in India to flatten the pandemic COVID-19 curve has resulted in the reduction of anthropogenic emission sources to a great extent. This study reports change in air quality and its impact on the environment during the unique lockdown scenario at Bhubaneswar, a coastal smart city in east India. The urban air shows a remarkable reduction in the mean pollutant levels influenced by traffic emission viz. NO x (~67 %) and BC (~47 %) during lockdown over the pre-lockdown. Comparatively, a lower reduction of CO (~14 %) is attributed to the dominance of natural atmospheric chemical regulation and biogenic sources in addition to anthropogenic contributions. In addition to the lockdown, frequent rain events due to depression in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) also had a significant role in the reduction of the primary pollutants over the study site. An enhancement of secondary pollutant viz. O 3 (~3%) with a distinct diurnal pattern was observed during the first phase of lockdown over the pre-lockdown period. An anti-correlation between O 3 and NO x during pre-lockdown points to a higher O 3 production potential with decreasing NO x. While a reduction in the titration of O 3 due to suppression of fresh NO emissions led to accumulation of O 3 in the first phase of lockdown, inhibited photochemistry due to cloudy skies as well as reduction in precursors led to lower O 3 values during the later phases of lockdown.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on variation of atmospheric pollutants over Bhubaneswar during imposition of nationwide lockdown in India for the COVID-19 pandemic

Panda

Mallik

Nath

et al. 2020

Air Qual Atmos Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Increase in air pollutants vehicles especially diesel vehicles compared to petrol driven vehicles (Aggarwal and Jain, 2015;Jain et al, 2016). Thus, in view of the current lockdown scenario wherein 70-80% of passenger vehicles and 60-70% of goods vehicles are off the road and other reduced combustion activities results in reduced NO x emissions in a VOC-limited environment, which could have led to an increase in O 3 concentration (Kim et al, 2018;Tobías et al, 2020).…”

Section: City Before Vs During Lockdown' 2020mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social and Travel Lockdown Impact Considering Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Air Quality in Megacities of India: Present Benefits, Future Challenges and Way Forward

Jain

Sharma

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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234

230

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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) created enormous pressure across the globe due to an increasing number of COVID-19 infected cases. All the governments' primary focus is to save humanity from this pandemic problem, and they have lockdown almost the entire nation to stop the spread of infection. This lockdown resulted in a considerable impact on the global as well as a local economy that will take a long time to perform with business as usual scenario. However, improvement in the air quality of the cities across the globe has emerged as a key benefit of this lockdown. Therefore, this study aims to assess the overall impact of social and travel lockdown in five megacities of India; Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, and Bangalore. The study evaluated the spatiotemporal variations in five criteria pollutants over two time periods, i.e.

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“…Furthermore, such improvements are easily overwhelmed by increases in motorised travel, particularly as Euro 6 diesel cars emit an order of magnitude more oxides of nitrogen (NOx) per passenger than a Euro VI bus (and probably more in real life). Similarly, private vehicles contributed more emissions of air pollutants than public transport in Delhi, although goods vehicles contributed disproportionately to pollutant emissions (Jain et al, 2016). Individuals' travel patterns can be modified: the London congestion charge is estimated to have reduced air pollution, with nontrivial predicted health benefits (Tonne et al, 2008) but the evidence for the effects of traffic management strategies on air pollution remains weak (Bigazzi and Rouleau, 2017).…”

Section: Transport Impairments and Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport and inequalities

Mindell¹

2018

Journal of Transport & Health

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Transport and social and health inequalities Low income is strongly associated with poor health (Benzeval et al, 2014; Rachele et al 2018). The United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted in 2015, are part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainabledevelopment-goals/). These are designed to reduce inequalities between and within countries, particularly low income countries. The same year, the Paris Agreement on climate change was adopted by 195 countries, entering into force in November 2016 (https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/international/negotiations/paris_en). Transport policies are integral to both these global initiatives. Sustainable Development goals of particular relevance to transport and health include:

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Vehicular exhaust emissions under current and alternative future policy measures for megacity Delhi, India

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

A study on variation of atmospheric pollutants over Bhubaneswar during imposition of nationwide lockdown in India for the COVID-19 pandemic

A study on variation of atmospheric pollutants over Bhubaneswar during imposition of nationwide lockdown in India for the COVID-19 pandemic

Social and Travel Lockdown Impact Considering Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Air Quality in Megacities of India: Present Benefits, Future Challenges and Way Forward

Transport and inequalities

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