Version 5 retrievals for ACE-FTS and ACE-imagers

Boone, C.D.; Bernath, P.F.; Lecours, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2023.108749

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The green line displays the MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications) (Gelaro et al, 2017) temperature profile, which is in good agreement with ACE retrieval results. Panel b displays the 1 μm imager extinction profile (Boone et al, 2023), which indicates that some aerosol resides near 20 km, but the highest aerosol levels in this occultation are found near 14 km. Panels c-e display residual spectra at the three altitudes marked as stars and squares in panel a.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic Polar Stratospheric Cloud Analysis of ACE‐FTS Data From 2005 to 2023

Lecours,

Boone,

Bernath

2024

JGR Atmospheres

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We present an analysis of Antarctic polar winters from 2005 to 2023 as observed by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE). The unique broad band infrared spectral features in ACE “residual” spectra are used to classify the spectra of polar aerosols by composition into polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) and sulfate aerosols. The spectra of PSCs are further classified into nitric acid trihydrate, supercooled ternary solutions, supercooled nitric acid, ice‐mix, and mixtures of PSCs. A breakdown of PSC composition is presented for each year. Antarctic winter seasons with unusual compositions are: 2011, in which volcanic ash mixed with PSCs was observed from July to August; 2019, which experienced a stratospheric warming event; 2020, the PSC season following the Australian Black Summer pyrocumulonimbus event; and 2023, which had unusually large sulfate aerosols following the Honga‐Tonga Honga Ha'apai eruption of 2022.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic Polar Stratospheric Cloud Analysis of ACE‐FTS Data From 2005 to 2023

Lecours,

Boone,

Bernath

2024

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) Version 5.2 data (Bernath et al, 2020;Boone et al, 2023) are used to examine the vertical structure of the plume, focusing on water vapor (H 2 O), carbon monoxide (CO) hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and ozone (O 3 ). In addition, we examine the Version 5.2 1 μm extinction data from the ACE imager.…”

Section: Ace-ftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoke with Induced Rotation and Lofting (SWIRL) Generated by the February 2009 Australian Black Saturday PyroCb Plume

Allen,

Fromm,

Kablick

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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The discovery of smoke‐induced dynamical anomalies in the stratosphere associated with the 2019/2020 Australian New Year pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) super outbreak initiated a new field of study involving aerosol/weather anomalies. This paper documents the dynamical anomalies associated with the February 2009 Australian Black Saturday pyroCb outbreak. Positive potential vorticity anomalies (indicating anticyclonic rotation) with horizontal extent ∼1000 km and vertical thickness ∼2 km are associated with the plume, which we classify as a Smoke With Induced Rotation and Lofting (SWIRL). The SWIRL initially formed east of Australia, but then moved westward, crossing over Australia, and continuing to Africa. The SWIRL lasted for nearly three weeks (13 February–4 March), traveling ∼27,000 km and rising from potential temperatures of ∼410–500 K (altitudes ∼18–21 km). The altitude of the SWIRL is corroborated with coincident satellite‐based profiles of H2O, CO, HCN, O3, and aerosol extinction. A vertical temperature dipole (±3 K) accompanied the PV anomaly, as verified with coincident Global Navigation Satellite System radio occultation temperatures. The SWIRL dissipated as it passed over Africa. Operational ECMWF forecasts with early initialization (13 February) and late initialization (21 February) are examined. In the early case, the forecasted PV anomaly disappeared within 4 days, as expected due to lack of smoke heating in the forecast model. In the late case, while the forecasted PV anomaly was weaker than in the reanalyzes, a remnant anomaly remained out to 10 days.

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“…The infrared Fourier transform spectrometer measures over a wide spectral range (750 to 4400 cm -1 ) with a high resolution of 0.02 cm -1 and signal-to-noise ratio ranging between 100:1 and 400:1 (Buijs et al, 2013). The ACE-FTS processing version 5.2 provides vertical volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles for 46 molecules and 24 isotopologues including characteristic biomass burning indicator molecules such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), acetonitrile (CH3CN), and ethane (C2H6) (Boone et al, 2023). A pair of filtered imagers also measures atmospheric extinction at two wavelengths: visible (VIS, 527.11 nm) and near-infrared (NIR, 1020.55 nm).…”

Section: Ace-fts and Mls Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the vertical extent of the 2023 summer Canadian wildfire impacts with satellite observations

Zhang,

Solomon,

Boone

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. Pyrocumulonimbus clouds (pyroCbs) generated by intense wildfires can serve as a direct pathway for the injection of aerosols and gaseous pollutants into the lower stratosphere, resulting in significant chemical, radiative, and dynamical changes. Canada experienced an extremely severe wildfire season in 2023, with a total area burned that substantially exceeded those of previous events known to have impacted the stratosphere (such as the 2020 Australian fires). This season also had record-high pyroCb activity, which raises the question of whether the 2023 Canadian event resulted in significant stratospheric perturbations. Here, we investigate this anomalous wildfire season using retrievals from two satellite instruments, ACE-FTS (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment – Fourier Transform Spectrometer) and OMPS LP (Ozone Mapping and Profile Suite Limb Profiler), to determine the vertical extents of the wildfire smoke along with chemical signatures of biomass burning. These data show that smoke primarily reached the upper troposphere but only a nominal amount managed to penetrate the tropopause. Only one ACE-FTS occultation captured elevated concentrations of biomass burning products in the lower stratosphere on July 30th, and back and forward trajectories place the source fire in the Yukon. However, OMPS LP aerosol measurements indicate that any smoke that made it past the tropopause did not last long enough to significantly perturb stratospheric composition. While this work focuses on Canadian wildfires given the extensive burned area, pyroCbs at other longitudes (e.g. Siberia) are also captured in the compositional analysis. These results highlight that despite the formation of many pyroCbs in major wildfires, those capable of penetrating the tropopause are extremely rare; this in turn means that even a massive area burned is not necessarily an indicator of stratospheric effects.

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Version 5 retrievals for ACE-FTS and ACE-imagers

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Antarctic Polar Stratospheric Cloud Analysis of ACE‐FTS Data From 2005 to 2023

Antarctic Polar Stratospheric Cloud Analysis of ACE‐FTS Data From 2005 to 2023

Smoke with Induced Rotation and Lofting (SWIRL) Generated by the February 2009 Australian Black Saturday PyroCb Plume

Investigating the vertical extent of the 2023 summer Canadian wildfire impacts with satellite observations

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