Vertically Aligned WO<sub>3</sub> Nanowire Arrays Grown Directly on Transparent Conducting Oxide Coated Glass: Synthesis and Photoelectrochemical Properties

Su, Jinzhan; Feng, Xinjian; Sloppy, Jennifer D.; Guo, Liejin; Grimes, Craig A.

doi:10.1021/nl1034573

Cited by 570 publications

(401 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Recently, the vertically aligned WO 3 nanostructured arrays have received great interest as a promising photoelectrode because of their superior PEC properties compared to those films with crystalline nanoparticles 168. This is attributed to the enhancement of charge transport properties resulting from the direct charge‐diffusion pathways found in vertically aligned nanostructured arrays.…”

Section: Photoelectrochemical Water Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

et al. 2017

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Hydrogen is readily obtained from renewable and non‐renewable resources via water splitting by using thermal, electrical, photonic and biochemical energy. The major hydrogen production is generated from thermal energy through steam reforming/gasification of fossil fuel. As the commonly used non‐renewable resources will be depleted in the long run, there is great demand to utilize renewable energy resources for hydrogen production. Most of the renewable resources may be used to produce electricity for driving water splitting while challenges remain to improve cost‐effectiveness. As the most abundant energy resource, the direct conversion of solar energy to hydrogen is considered the most sustainable energy production method without causing pollutions to the environment. In overall, this review briefly summarizes thermolytic, electrolytic, photolytic and biolytic water splitting. It highlights photonic and electrical driven water splitting together with photovoltaic‐integrated solar‐driven water electrolysis.

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Section: Photoelectrochemical Water Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

et al. 2017

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“…The line broadening of X-ray peaks is related not only to crystallite size or changes in lattice structure but also to the function of internal strain 'ε' that is developed during the deposition process. The broadening due to strain is caused by the non-uniform displacements of the atoms with respect to their reference-lattice positions [24]. The deviation from the perfect lattice arrangement is calculated using Stokes-Wilson equation:…”

Section: Xrd Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of growth time on structural, morphological and electrical properties of tungsten oxide nanowire

et al. 2018

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In this work, tungsten oxide nanowires were grown directly on a tungsten substrate in 800 °C using thermal evaporation method in a horizontal tube furnace. The effect of growth time on structural, morphological, elemental composition and electrical properties of the tungsten oxide nanostructures was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique and KIETHLEY 2361 system. Our experimental results show that tungsten oxide nanowires crystalline phase, electrical conductance and density on the substrate surface depend on the growth time. The XRD results showed that tungsten oxide nanowires are synthesized with a cubic WO 3 structure. Moreover, the lattice strain, grain size and dislocation density were obtained in three different growth time. It is noteworthy that by increasing the growth time the crystallinity increases. The FESEM images at different growth times showed that the nanowires on grains begin to germinate when the growth time increases to 6 h. At this time, nanowire structures with 1 µm in diameter and 40 µm in length were formed and continued to grow which caused a change in the morphology. In addition, the XPS results showed that the sample that has grown at longer growth time exhibit two asymmetric W4d5/2 and W4d3/2 peak at 252 and 263 eV which can be assigned to W5+ and W4+ species, respectively. Moreover, the linear I-V curves are obtained and it is found that by increasing the growth time, the conductivity of the sample increases due to increasing number of wires on the sample surface. Finally, the conditions and mechanism of WO 3 nanowire growth are discussed. The results can be used to guide a better understanding about the growth behavior of WO 3 nanowires and can contribute towards the development of novel nanodevices.

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“…25 In particular, nanowall structures are proposed as promising materials considering the requirements of PEC cells. [26][27][28] Here, we demonstrate experimentally the enhanced PEC water splitting and H 2 generation by using an InGaNnanowalls-photoelectrode with In composition up to 40%. The InGaN-nanowalls-photoelectrode exhibits a significantly larger current density, higher incident-photon-to-current-conversion efficiency (IPCE), and higher H 2 generation rate in comparison with a planar InGaN-layer-photoelectrode with similar In composition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Photoelectrochemical water splitting and hydrogen generation by a spontaneously formed InGaN nanowall network

Alvi

Rodriguez

Kumar

et al. 2014

Applied Physics Letters

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We investigate photoelectrochemical water splitting by a spontaneously formed In-rich InGaN nanowall network, combining the material of choice with the advantages of surface texturing for light harvesting by light scattering. The current density for the InGaN-nanowalls-photoelectrode at zero voltage versus the Ag/AgCl reference electrode is 3.4 mA cm(-2) with an incident-photon-to-current-conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 16% under 350 nm laser illumination with 0.075 W.cm(-2) power density. In comparison, the current density for a planar InGaN-layer-photoelectrode is 2 mA cm(-2) with IPCE of 9% at zero voltage versus the Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The H-2 generation rates at zero externally applied voltage versus the Pt counter electrode per illuminated area are 2.8 and 1.61 mu mol.h(-1).cm(-2) for the InGaN nanowalls and InGaN layer, respectively, revealing similar to 57% enhancement for the nanowalls. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC

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Vertically Aligned WO₃ Nanowire Arrays Grown Directly on Transparent Conducting Oxide Coated Glass: Synthesis and Photoelectrochemical Properties

Cited by 570 publications

References 51 publications

Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

Effect of growth time on structural, morphological and electrical properties of tungsten oxide nanowire

Photoelectrochemical water splitting and hydrogen generation by a spontaneously formed InGaN nanowall network

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Vertically Aligned WO3 Nanowire Arrays Grown Directly on Transparent Conducting Oxide Coated Glass: Synthesis and Photoelectrochemical Properties

Cited by 570 publications

References 51 publications

Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

Effect of growth time on structural, morphological and electrical properties of tungsten oxide nanowire

Photoelectrochemical water splitting and hydrogen generation by a spontaneously formed InGaN nanowall network

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Product

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Vertically Aligned WO₃ Nanowire Arrays Grown Directly on Transparent Conducting Oxide Coated Glass: Synthesis and Photoelectrochemical Properties