Verticillium alfalfae and V . dahliae, Agents of Verticillium Wilt Diseases

Inderbitzin, Patrik; Thomma, B.P.H.J.; Subbarao, Krishna V.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44056-8_4

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 198 publications

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“…Once the xylem vessels are colonized, the mycelia grow upwards and are accompanied by conidia and microsclerotia production (Klosterman et al, 2009). Vascular pathogens, such as V. dahliae and F. oxysporum, also secrete effector proteins to suppress host defense responses (Ma et al, 2010;Inderbitzin et al, 2014), although these fungi do not form haustorium-like structures (Zhao et al, 2014) which are used to transport effectors into plant cells, like many filamentous microbes, such as the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and oomycete pathogens, including Phytophthora spp. (Ehrlich & Ehrlich, 1966;Khang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Verticillium‐specific protein VdSCP7 localizes to the plant nucleus and modulates immunity to fungal infections

Zhang

et al. 2017

New Phytologist

115

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Fungal pathogens secrete effector proteins to suppress plant basal defense for successful colonization. Resistant plants, however, can recognize effectors by cognate R proteins to induce effector-triggered immunity (ETI). By analyzing secretomes of the vascular fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae, we identified a novel secreted protein VdSCP7 that targets the plant nucleus. The green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged VdSCP7 gene with either a mutated nuclear localization signal motif or with additional nuclear export signal was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana, and investigated for induction of plant immunity. The role of VdSCP7 in V. dahliae pathogenicity was characterized by gene knockout and complementation, and GFP labeling. Expression of the VdSCP7 gene in N. benthamiana activated both salicylic acid and jasmonate signaling, and altered the plant's susceptibility to the pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Phytophthora capsici. The immune response activated by VdSCP7 was highly dependent on its initial extracellular secretion and subsequent nuclear localization in plants. Knockout of the VdSCP7 gene significantly enhanced V. dahliae aggressiveness on cotton. GFP-labeled VdSCP7 is secreted by V. dahliae and accumulates in the plant nucleus. We conclude that VdSCP7 is a novel effector protein that targets the host nucleus to modulate plant immunity, and suggest that plants can recognize VdSCP7 to activate ETI during fungal infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that infects a broad range of hosts (Agrios, 1988;Inderbitzin et al, 2014). In nature, the life cycle of V. dahliae initiates from microsclerotia germination on sensing signals of plant roots (Klimes et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Verticillium‐specific protein VdSCP7 localizes to the plant nucleus and modulates immunity to fungal infections

Zhang

et al. 2017

New Phytologist

115

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“…Verticillium dahliae is a wide-host-range pathogen that can infect a large number of dicotyledonous hosts, including ecologically important plants and many high-value crops worldwide such as cotton, tobacco, potato, and tomato ( Fradin and Thomma, 2006 ; Klosterman et al, 2009 ; Inderbitzin et al, 2014 ). It infects plants primarily through the formation of hyphae, which can puncture the plant root surface and colonize in xylem vessels ( Zhao et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Verticillium dahliae Pectate Lyase Induces Plant Immune Responses and Contributes to Virulence

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Verticillium dahliae is a wide-host-range fungal pathogen that causes soil-borne disease in hundreds of dicotyledonous hosts. In search of V. dahliae Vd991 cell death-inducing proteins, we identified a pectate lyase (VdPEL1) that exhibited pectin hydrolytic activity, which could induce strong cell death in several plants. Purified VdPEL1 triggered defense responses and conferred resistance to Botrytis cinerea and V. dahliae in tobacco and cotton plants. Our results demonstrated that the mutant VdPEL1rec lacking the enzymatic activity lacked functions to induce both cell death and plant resistance, implying that the enzymatic activity was necessary. In addition, VdPEL1 was strongly induced in V. dahliae infected Nicotiana benthamiana and cotton roots, and VdPEL1 deletion strains severely compromised the virulence of V. dahliae. Our data suggested that VdPEL1 contributed to V. dahliae virulence and induced plant defense responses. These findings provide a new insight for the function of pectate lyase in the host–pathogen interaction.

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“…The plant pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb. causes plant vascular diseases and often results in severe cotton yield reductions and losses. , The pathogen can adhere to the root surface, and its hyphae penetrate the roots and colonize the cortex. They then extend into the xylem and form conidia .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphoproteomics Profiling of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Roots in Response to Verticillium dahliae Inoculation

et al. 2019

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Verticillium wilt is a plant vascular disease causing severe yield and quality losses in many crops and is caused by the soil-borne plant pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of the cotton–V. dahliae interaction, a time-course phosphoproteomic analysis of roots of susceptible and resistant cotton lines in response to V. dahliae was performed. In total, 1716 unique phosphoproteins were identified in the susceptible (S) and resistant (R) cotton lines. Of these, 359 phosphoproteins were significantly different in R1 (1 day after V. dahliae inoculation) vs R0 (mock) group and 287 phosphoproteins in R2 (3 days after V. dahliae inoculation) vs R0 group. Moreover, 263 proteins of V. dahliae-regulated phosphoproteins were significantly changed in S1 (1 day after V. dahliae inoculation) vs S0 (mock) group and 197 proteins in S2 (3 days after V. dahliae inoculation) vs S0 group. Thirty phosphoproteins were significantly changed and common to the resistant and susceptible cotton lines following inoculation with V. dahliae. Specifically, 92 phosphoproteins were shared in both in R1 vs R0 and R2 vs R0 but not in susceptible cotton lines. There were 38 common phosphoproteins shared in both S1 vs S0 and S2 vs S0 but not in resistant cotton lines. GO terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses displayed an abundance of known and novel phosphoproteins related to plant–pathogen interactions, signal transduction, and metabolic processes, which were correlated with resistance against fungal infection. These data provide new perspectives and inspiration for understanding molecular defense mechanisms of cotton roots against V. dahliae infection.

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Verticillium alfalfae and V . dahliae, Agents of Verticillium Wilt Diseases

Cited by 9 publications

References 198 publications

The Verticillium‐specific protein VdSCP7 localizes to the plant nucleus and modulates immunity to fungal infections

The Verticillium‐specific protein VdSCP7 localizes to the plant nucleus and modulates immunity to fungal infections

A Verticillium dahliae Pectate Lyase Induces Plant Immune Responses and Contributes to Virulence

Phosphoproteomics Profiling of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Roots in Response to Verticillium dahliae Inoculation

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