“…To date, no studies about automatic segmentation of DVT have been reported. Some automatic segmentation methods have been applied to lower limb blood vessel segmentation [12, 13], such as fuzzy connected object delineation algorithms [14], k-means [15], fuzzy c-means clustering [16], and convolutional neural network (CNN) [17]. Among these automated methods, machine learning (ML), especially deep learning (DL), has shown great potential [18].…”