Vicarious responses to pain in anterior cingulate cortex: Is empathy a multisensory issue?

Morrison, India; Lloyd, David T.; Pellegrino, Giuseppe di; Roberts, Neil

doi:10.3758/cabn.4.2.270

Cited by 437 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…These findings build on several papers (see, for example, Morrison et al 2004) that show activation in pain-related areas of the brain not only when a painful impulse is applied to a subject but also when a subject sees a painful stimulus being applied to someone else. This response, which involves "mirror-neurons," can be thought of as being the neurological analogue of empathy, since individual i is experiencing vicariously the material payoffs of individual j.…”

Section: Anger At Insufficient Altruismsupporting

confidence: 79%

Minimally acceptable altruism and the ultimatum game

Rotemberg

2008

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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Section: Anger At Insufficient Altruismsupporting

confidence: 79%

Minimally acceptable altruism and the ultimatum game

Rotemberg

2008

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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“…pACC foci have rarely been described so far in association with the observation of noxious events (Morrison et al, 2004); indeed, an intriguing difference between our present data and previous studies (Jackson et al, 2006a) is the more consistent activation in pACC than in aMCC. The most likely explanation lies in differences in the cognitive sets in the various studies.…”

Section: Brain Regions Involved In the Observation Of Unpleasant Stimulicontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…A second approach has been to study the fMRI activity engaged by observing pain-related behavior of unknown subjects [facial expressions of pain (Botvinick et al, 2005;Simon et al, 2006;Lamm et al, 2007;Saarela et al, 2007)]. In a third approach, viewing pictures of body parts of unknown actors in painful situations was compared with viewing nonpainful stimuli, using fMRI (Morrison et al, 2004;Jackson et al, 2005Jackson et al, , 2006bGu and Han, 2007;, transcranial magnetic stimulation (Avenanti et al, 2005(Avenanti et al, , 2006, or electroencephalography (Bufalari et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does It Look Painful or Disgusting? Ask Your Parietal and Cingulate Cortex

Benuzzi¹,

Lui²,

Duzzi³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

141

109

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Looking at still images of body parts in situations that are likely to cause pain has been shown to be associated with activation in some brain areas involved in pain processing. Because pain involves both sensory components and negative affect, it is of interest to explore whether the visually evoked representations of pain and of other negative emotions overlap. By means of event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging, here we compare the brain areas recruited, in female volunteers, by the observation of painful, disgusting, or neutral stimuli delivered to one hand or foot. Several cortical foci were activated by the observation of both painful and disgusting video clips, including portions of the medial prefrontal cortex, anterior, mid-, and posterior cingulate cortex, left posterior insula, and right parietal operculum. Signal changes in perigenual cingulate and left anterior insula were linearly related to the perceived unpleasantness, when the individual differences in susceptibility to aversive stimuli were taken into account. Painful scenes selectively induced activation of left parietal foci, including the parietal operculum, the postcentral gyrus, and adjacent portions of the posterior parietal cortex. In contrast, brain foci specific for disgusting scenes were found in the posterior cingulate cortex. These data show both similarities and differences between the brain patterns of activity related to the observation of noxious or disgusting stimuli. Namely, the parietal cortex appears to be particularly involved in the recognition of noxious environmental stimuli, suggesting that areas involved in sensory aspects of pain are specifically triggered by observing noxious events.

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“…An increasing number of experiments (reviewed in ref. 40) also observed activation in SI in the absence of peripheral somatosensory input while participants view the actions of others (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)41) 32). Activation in SI in the absence of touch has also been observed in highly empathic individuals that experience mirror-touch synesthesia (60,61).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…22-31, but see ref. 32). However, it remains unclear whether these vicarious tactile responses in SI convey information about the valence of a touch: Ebisch et al (33) compared the vision of an actor being slapped vs. caressed and found stronger activity in the caress condition in SI, but the difference was not significant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary somatosensory cortex discriminates affective significance in social touch

Gazzola¹,

Spezio

Etzel³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

290

224

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Another person's caress is one of the most powerful of all emotional social signals. How much the primary somatosensory cortices (SIs) participate in processing the pleasantness of such social touch remains unclear. Although ample empirical evidence supports the role of the insula in affective processing of touch, here we argue that SI might be more involved in affective processing than previously thought by showing that the response in SI to a sensual caress is modified by the perceived sex of the caresser. In a functional MRI study, we manipulated the perceived affective quality of a caress independently of the sensory properties at the skin: heterosexual males believed they were sensually caressed by either a man or woman, although the caress was in fact invariantly delivered by a female blind to condition type. Independent analyses showed that SI encoded, and was modulated by, the visual sex of the caress, and that this effect is unlikely to originate from the insula. This suggests that current models may underestimate the role played by SI in the affective processing of social touch.affective touch | sexual selection | gender | crossmodal perception | hot cognition

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Vicarious responses to pain in anterior cingulate cortex: Is empathy a multisensory issue?

Cited by 437 publications

References 68 publications

Minimally acceptable altruism and the ultimatum game

Minimally acceptable altruism and the ultimatum game

Does It Look Painful or Disgusting? Ask Your Parietal and Cingulate Cortex

Primary somatosensory cortex discriminates affective significance in social touch

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