Vídeo para Educação em Saúde: “O Sofrimento Psíquico e a Crise”

M, Zanetti A A P; Fontes, Cassiana Mendes Bertoncello; Borgato, Maria Helena; M, Juliani C M C; A, Gonçalves A; Acebal, Júlia Souza; Souza, Jéssica Maria Teles; Onary, Amanda Sayuri Sitoo; Cardoso, Gabriela Ribeiro; S, Ferreira A S S B

doi:10.26626/978-65-5668-019-4c0040

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Higher ampicillin resistance has been observed in Cameroon (77%) but a lower resistance was observed in Tanzania [ (Kiiti et al, 2021). This situation may result from inadequate veterinary healthcare systems, which influences irrational use of antimicrobials and drives AMR emergence and spread (Al Amin et al, 2020, WHO, 2014, Kalam et al, 2022. Gentamycin (Access-CIA) resistance was higher in Cameroon (38%) (Aworh et al, 2019) compared to our study findings.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Multidrug Resistant E. coli Carriage on Chicken Farms in West Nile Region in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Nyolimati,

Mayito,

Obuya

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Infections with multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in food-animals threaten public health and food security. However, the epidemiology and factors associated with MDR Escherichia coli on Ugandan farms are not well known. This study investigated the prevalence, resistance patterns and factors associated with MDR E. coli carriage on chicken farms. A total of 158 E. coli strains were isolated from 158 chicken farms. The disc diffusion method for susceptibility testing was performed. Clinical breakpoints were interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. MDR was defined as resistance to three or more classes of antimicrobials. MDR E. coli prevalence on chicken farms was 62.7% (95% CI: 55.0 – 70.3). High resistance was observed against ampicillin 79.8% (95% CI: 72.7–85.4), tetracycline 72.8% (95% CI: 65.2–79.2), cotrimoxazole 55.7% (95% CI: 47.8–63.3), and ciprofloxacin 38% (95% CI: 30.7–45.9). Farmers who were males (APR = 0.72, CI: 0.55, 0.93), and attained at least secondary education (APR=0.64, CI: 0.46, 0.88) and administration of recommended antibiotic doses (APR = 0.76, CI: 0.59–0.96) posed a lower risk of MDR E. coli carriage. Farms without footbaths posed a heighten risk (APR=1.48, CI: 1.16–1.88). MDR E. coli were highly prevalent on chicken farms. This study underscores the need for antimicrobial stewardship and improved infection prevention strategies on chicken farms.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Multidrug Resistant E. coli Carriage on Chicken Farms in West Nile Region in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Nyolimati,

Mayito,

Obuya

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Heatwave frequency, duration and intensity have increased under anthropogenic climate change (Allan et al, 2021;Perkins-Kirkpatrick & Lewis, 2020). As climate change intensifies, there is an urgent need to evaluate the climate vulnerability of species (Bailey & Van De Pol, 2016;Pacifici et al, 2017;Thurman et al, 2020;Van De Pol et al, 2017). However, one of the greatest challenges in CCVAs is objectively identifying the threshold to classify species as vulnerable or not (Foden et al, 2018;Hossain et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the global vulnerability of dryland birds to heatwaves

Ding,

Newbold,

Ameca

2024

Global Change Biology

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As global average surface temperature increases, extreme climatic events such as heatwaves are becoming more frequent and intense, which can drive biodiversity responses such as rapid population declines and/or shifts in species distributions and even local extirpations. However, the impacts of extreme climatic events are largely ignored in conservation plans. Birds are known to be susceptible to heatwaves, especially in dryland ecosystems. Understanding which birds are most vulnerable to heatwaves, and where these birds occur, can offer a scientific basis for adaptive management and conservation. We assessed the relative vulnerability of 1196 dryland bird species to heatwaves using a trait‐based approach. Among them, 888 bird species are estimated to be vulnerable to heatwaves (170 highly vulnerable, eight extremely vulnerable), of which ~91% are currently considered non‐threatened by the IUCN, which suggests that many species will likely become newly threatened with intensifying climate change. We identified the top three hotspot areas of heatwave‐vulnerable species in Australia (208 species), Southern Africa (125 species) and Eastern Africa (99 species). Populations of vulnerable species recorded in the Living Planet Database were found to be declining significantly faster than those of non‐vulnerable species (p = .048) after heatwaves occurred. In contrast, no significant difference in population trends between vulnerable and non‐vulnerable species was detected when no heatwave occurred (p = .34). This suggests that our vulnerability framework correctly identified vulnerable species and that heatwaves are already impacting the population trends of these species. Our findings will help prioritize heatwave‐vulnerable birds in dryland ecosystems in risk mitigation and adaptation management as the frequency of heatwaves accelerates in the coming decades.

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“…The issue of extinction risk and potential for evolution under climate change remains hotly debated (Chown et al, 2010;Mitchell, Sgrò, & Hoffmann, 2011;Sgrò et al, 2010), particularly with respect to risk posed to those living in the biodiverse tropics (Hoffmann, 2010;Perez, Stroud, & Feeley, 2016;van de Pol, Jenouvrier, Cornelissen, & Visser, 2017). Nonetheless, recent studies suggest existing local adaptations will likely play a key role in reducing extinction risk by facilitating an adaptive response, for example, by reducing metabolic costs in ocean fish (Moffett, Fryxell, Palkovacs, Kinnison, & Simon, 2018) and by reducing bleaching events in corals (Matz, Treml, Aglyamova, & Bay, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of existing local (mal)adaptations for ecological forecasting under environmental change

Walters

Berger

2019

Evolutionary Applications

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Standing genetic variation represents a genetic load on population fitness but can also support a rapid response to short‐term environmental change, and the greatest potential source of such standing genetic variation typically exists among locally adapted populations living along an environmental gradient. Here, we develop a spatially explicit simulation model to quantify the contribution of existing genetic variation arising from migration–mutation–selection–drift balance to time to extinction under environmental change. Simulations reveal that local adaptation across a species range associated with an underlying environmental gradient could extend time to extinction by nearly threefold irrespective of the rate of environmental change. The potential for preadapted alleles to increase the rate of adaptation changes the relative importance of established extinction risk factors; in particular, it reduced the importance of the breadth of environmental tolerance and it increased the relative importance of fecundity. Although migration of preadapted alleles generally increased persistence time, it decreased it at rates of environmental change close to the critical rate of change by creating a population bottleneck, which ultimately limited the rate at which de novo mutations could arise. An analysis of the extinction dynamics further revealed that one consequence of gene flow is the potential to maximize population growth rate in at least part of the species range, which is likely to have consequences for forecasting the consequences of ecological interactions. Our study shows that predictions of persistence time change fundamentally when existing local adaptations are explicitly taken into account, underscoring the need to preserve and manage genetic diversity.

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Vídeo para Educação em Saúde: “O Sofrimento Psíquico e a Crise”

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Multidrug Resistant E. coli Carriage on Chicken Farms in West Nile Region in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Multidrug Resistant E. coli Carriage on Chicken Farms in West Nile Region in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Assessing the global vulnerability of dryland birds to heatwaves

Implications of existing local (mal)adaptations for ecological forecasting under environmental change

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