Violence and masculinities.

A Light on the Path to and Promise for Black Men’s Mental Health

“…For example, The Guidelines acknowledge differences in how boys and men are socialized, and the multiple challenges they face over their life course (e.g., racism, ability, and socioeconomic status). The idea of multiple and fluid masculinities is further supported through Black men's experiences with gender role socialization and race (Kilmartin and McDermott 2015), such as being exposed to multiple masculinities in both childhood and adulthood. The Guidelines help psychologists to manage the complexities of Black men's multifaceted identities, and to navigate the multiple layers of oppression they face (Budge et al 2016).…”

“Think Like a Man”: How Sexual Cultural Scripting and Masculinity Influence Changes in Men's Use of Intimate Partner Violence

“…Traditional masculine norms describe how society views men's actions, feelings, thoughts, and behaviors, including their roles and rights in society (Moore & Stuart, 2005). Several sociocultural and psychological theories such as feminist and general aggression postulate that socially constructed masculinity may explain men's use of violence (Kilmartin & McDermott, 2016). However, not every man who adheres strongly to these traditional masculine norms will use violence against female partners (Smith et al, 2015).…”

Masculinities, Fatherhood, and Desistance From Crime

“…There is limited empirical knowledge of the interaction between gendered and psychological processes involved in other forms of violence perpetrated by men. In addition, most PMM studies of masculinity and aggression have used qualitative methods to produce detailed descriptions of the contextual variables associated with men's violence; research has yet to test the theory that specific forms of masculinities are predictors of violence in particular circumstances (Kilmartin & McDermott, 2016).…”

“…Few theories explain the link between masculinity and criminal conduct (Karp, 2010; Kilmartin & McDermott, 2016). Worthy of attention is James Messerschmidt’s and Christoffer Carlsson’s work on delinquency and criminal trajectories, which provides a sociostructural and performative understanding of men’s crimes.…”

“…PMM studies have found that traditional masculinity, as measured by psychological instruments such as the Men Role Norms Inventory, was related to aggression, relationship violence, family conflict, family disengagement, negative beliefs about the father role, and reduced involvement in child care (Karakis & Levant, 2012; Levant, 2011; Levant & Richmond, 2007, 2016). To this day, PMM research has focused on men’s gender role socialization, endorsement of traditional masculinity ideology, and intimate partner violence (Kilmartin & McDermott, 2016). There is limited empirical knowledge of the interaction between gendered and psychological processes involved in other forms of violence perpetrated by men.…”