Violence Risk Scale

Wong, Stephen C. P.; Gordon, Audrey

doi:10.1037/t22640-000

Cited by 81 publications

(143 citation statements)

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“…The VRS has six static and 20 dynamic items (Wong and Gordon, 2000). Staff rate each dynamic item with reference to the person's lifetime functioning, using a scale from 0 (not relevant) to 3 (strongly connected to violence).…”

Section: The Violence Risk Scale (Vrs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Do early therapeutic alliance, motivation, and stages of change predict therapy change for high‐risk, psychopathic violent prisoners?

Polaschek

Ross

2010

Criminal Behav Ment Health

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Section: The Violence Risk Scale (Vrs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Do early therapeutic alliance, motivation, and stages of change predict therapy change for high‐risk, psychopathic violent prisoners?

Polaschek

Ross

2010

Criminal Behav Ment Health

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“…These instruments were primarily developed to assess risk status in prisoners being considered for release on parole or for forensic psychiatric patients being considered for discharge from hospital to the community. Despite limited utility for some decision making tasks, many of these instruments, including the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (Quinsey, Rice, Harris, & Cormier, 1998), Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL: SV) (Hart, Cox, & Hare, 1995), Violence Rating Scale-2 (VRS-2; Wong & Gordon, 1999), and HCR-20 (Webster, Douglas, Eaves, & Hart, 1997) have recently been trialled in the inpatient setting. Most have demonstrated a robust relationship with inpatient aggression, particularly those that assess dynamic characteristics (Dolan, Fullam, Logan, & Davies, in press;Doyle, Dolan, & McGovern, 2002;Gray et al, 2003;Heilbrun et al, 1998;Hill, Rogers, & Bickford, 1996;McNiel, Gregory, Lam, Binder, & Sullivan, 2003;Nicholls et al, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamic appraisal of situational aggression: an instrument to assess risk for imminent aggression in psychiatric inpatients

Ogloff

Daffern

2006

Behavioral Sci & The Law

225

204

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Considerable research has attempted to delineate the demographic and clinical characteristics of high-risk psychiatric patients and identify salient modifiable aspects of aggression prone environments. Recently, there has also been increased interest in the development and testing of structured schemes for the assessment of risk for aggression within inpatient psychiatric settings. Although some of these methods show acceptable predictive validity, their ability to inform day-to-day treatment and management decisions is limited. The current research was designed to identify existing and novel risk factors that would assist staff to identify and manage the risk for aggression in psychiatric inpatient populations. Results showed that assessments supported by structured risk measures were more accurate than unaided clinical judgements based only on nurses' clinical experience and knowledge of the patient alone. Seven test items emerged that were maximally effective at identifying acute psychiatric patients at risk for engaging in inpatient violence within 24 hours; these items have been combined in the development of the Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression. Empirical analyses and clinical experience support the efficacy of the instrument in assisting clinical staff in the identification and management of inpatient aggression.

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“…The following 10 instruments were identified as risk assessment tools designed to predict the likelihood of community violence in psychiatric samples: the Classification of Violence Risk (COVR), 26 the Historical, Clinical, Risk Management-20 (HCR-20), 9 the Historische, Klinische, Toekomstige-30 (HKT-30), 27 the Structured Assessment of Protective Factors (SAPROF), 8 the Structured Outcome Assessment and Community Risk Monitoring (SORM), 28 the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START), 29 the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG), 19 the Violence Risk Screening-10 (V-RISK-10), 30 the Violence Risk Scale (VRS), 31 and an actuarial instrument developed as part of the UK700 study to predict violence in individuals diagnosed with psychotic disorders. 32 The descriptive characteristics of these measures are outlined in table 1.…”

Section: Tool Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Schizophrenia and Other Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Validity, Reliability, and Item Content of 10 Available Instruments

Singh

Serper

Reinharth

et al. 2011

Schizophrenia Bulletin

125

110

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Objectives: To undertake a systematic review on structured violence risk assessment tools in individuals with schizophrenia. Methods: A systematic search was conducted from 1990 to 2011 to identify violence risk assessment tools and studies examining their predictive validity. Item content of the identified instruments was analyzed, and areas under the curve (AUC) from the studies were extracted. In addition, an 11-item checklist was developed to assess the utility and psychometric properties of these tools. Results: Ten risk assessment tools designed to predict community violence in psychiatric patients were identified, but only 2 studies reporting predictive validity estimates in patients with schizophrenia were found (median AUC 5 0.69; interquartile range 5 0.60-0.77). When inclusion criteria was broadened to include studies measuring accuracy for any diagnostic group, mixed evidence of predictive validity was found, with median AUCs ranging from 0.62 to 0.85 depending on the population. Item content included mostly clinical, sociodemographic, and criminal history factors. As only 1 tool included a neurobiological item, a structured review of brain-based and cognitive risk factors for violence was included, and 3 clusters (neurocognitive ability, neurocognitive awareness, and attitudinal cognition) were identified. Conclusions: While a number of violence risk assessment tools exist that can be used to predict the likelihood of community violence in psychiatric patients, there is currently little direct evidence for their utility in individuals with schizophrenia. In addition, there is large variation in item content between instruments, and further research is necessary to determine whether the inclusion of alternative factors could improve risk assessment.Key words: psychotic disorders/forensic psychiatry/crime/ review/antisocial/neurocognitive Introduction Current treatment guidelines published by the American Psychiatric Association 1 and the UK's National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence 2 recommend that violence risk be assessed for individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. While unstructured assessments of risk, in which mental health professionals use their clinical experience to make subjective judgments as to whether an individual is likely to offend, remain common, 3 a recent metareview (a systematic overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses) identified over 120 structured instruments that have been designed for use in predicting violence in psychiatric and correctional populations. 4 Furthermore, questionnaire surveys suggest that some form of structured risk assessment is currently used by over 80% of forensic psychologists in the United States 5 and in over 80% of forensic and 70% of general psychiatric hospitals in the United Kingdom. 3,6 Generally, structured risk assessment tools adopt 1 of 2 approaches: actuarial prediction or structured clinical judgment (SCJ). Actuarial risk assessment tools are composed of weighted factors found to have been empirically associated with ...

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Violence Risk Scale

Cited by 81 publications

References 0 publications

Do early therapeutic alliance, motivation, and stages of change predict therapy change for high‐risk, psychopathic violent prisoners?

Do early therapeutic alliance, motivation, and stages of change predict therapy change for high‐risk, psychopathic violent prisoners?

The dynamic appraisal of situational aggression: an instrument to assess risk for imminent aggression in psychiatric inpatients

Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Schizophrenia and Other Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Validity, Reliability, and Item Content of 10 Available Instruments

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