2006
DOI: 10.1196/annals.1317.031
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VIP–PACAP System in Immunity

Abstract: Our research about VIP/PACAP and the immune system goes back to 1990 when our group described the expression of VIP on lymphocytes for the first time. Since this year, using three models of disease, septic shock, rheumathoid arthritis, and Crohn's disease, we are trying to contribute with new pieces to the puzzle of immunity to approach the use of VIP/PACAP system as a therapeutic agent. In 1999 we established that the first step in the beneficial effect of the VIP/PACAP system exerts consists in its potent an… Show more

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Cited by 105 publications
(115 citation statements)
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References 110 publications
(219 reference statements)
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“…The lower levels of NOS activity were found in glands of 16-week-old NOD mice that presented increased apoptosis of acinar cells and increased levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a, among other T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokines in the serum [15,16]. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), described initially as a vasodilator and prosecretory neuropeptide, has trophic effects on acini [17,18] and strong anti-inflammatory properties in several models of chronic inflammatory diseases [19][20][21]. Prediabetic NOD mice treated systemically with VIP showed increased serum interleukin (IL)-10 and reduced Th1 cytokine levels [22] while gene-transfer of VIP onto NOD submandibular glands prevented saliva secretion loss and partly reduced glandular Th1 cytokine expression [23].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The lower levels of NOS activity were found in glands of 16-week-old NOD mice that presented increased apoptosis of acinar cells and increased levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a, among other T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokines in the serum [15,16]. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), described initially as a vasodilator and prosecretory neuropeptide, has trophic effects on acini [17,18] and strong anti-inflammatory properties in several models of chronic inflammatory diseases [19][20][21]. Prediabetic NOD mice treated systemically with VIP showed increased serum interleukin (IL)-10 and reduced Th1 cytokine levels [22] while gene-transfer of VIP onto NOD submandibular glands prevented saliva secretion loss and partly reduced glandular Th1 cytokine expression [23].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These observations suggest that PACAP may regulate in vivo the proliferation of these subsets of CD4 ϩ T cells. Through its action on cytokines, chemokines, cell adhesion molecules, and costimulatory molecules produced or expressed by activated antigen-presenting cells, and through its direct and/or indirect effects on Th cell responses, PACAP appears as an important endogenous immunomodulatory molecule that exerts protective anti-inflammatory actions in many different models of autoimmune diseases (Abad et al, 2001;Gomariz et al, 2006). Based on these observations, VIP and PACAP are currently raising interest as candidates for development into new therapeutically valuable anti inflammatory agents (Delgado et al, 1999b(Delgado et al, , 2000Gonzalez-Rey et al, 2007;Tan et al, 2009).…”
Section: K Effects Of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-activating Polypepmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It also controlled inflammation in models of rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease and diabetes [13,15] .…”
Section: Nonobese Diabetic Mouse As a Suitable Model Of Ssmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…VIP is a neuro-and immunopeptide that promotes secretion, contributes to vasodilation in exocrine glands [12] and promotes anti-inflammatory effects in normal mouse-activated macrophages by inhibiting NOS induction while stimulating IL-10 [13,14] . It also controlled inflammation in models of rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease and diabetes [13,15] .…”
Section: Nonobese Diabetic Mouse As a Suitable Model Of Ssmentioning
confidence: 99%