Viral agents related to enteric disease in commercial chicken flocks, with special reference to Latin America

Núñez, L; Ferreira, Antônio José Piantino

doi:10.1017/s0043933913000858

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…farms worldwide. The economic impact of enteric virus infections on the poultry industry has been evaluated and ranges from insignificant effects to those that are severe and cause devastating losses (Nuñez and Ferreira, 2013;Mettifogo et al, 2014). Enteric diseases tend to predominantly affect young birds, however, they may occur in all age groups, which increases susceptibility to other diseases, decreases feed conversion efficiency and prolongs the time to market.…”

Section: Marek's Disease and Enteric Disease Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Immunosuppressive interactions of viral diseases in poultry

Umar

Munir

Ahsan

et al. 2017

World's Poultry Science Journal

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Poultry can be exposed to different kinds of immunosuppressive agents that impair health and welfare by destroying innate and acquired immunity leading to diminished genetic potential of poultry for efficient production. Immunosuppression is a condition characterised by humoral and cellular immune dysfunction that leads to increased susceptibility to secondary infections and vaccine failure. Immune dysfunction at the humoral level is largely due to change in soluble factors mediated by complement or chemokines for innate immunity or due to alterations in antibodies or cytokines for adaptive immunity. In contrast, immune dysfunctions at cellular levels include alterations in neutrophils, monocyte/macrophage, and natural killer cells for innate immunity or changes in B or T lymphocytes for adaptive immunity. In poultry, stressinduced immunosuppression is manifested by failure in vaccination, and increased morbidity and mortality of flocks. Immunosuppressive agents can have cytolytic effects on lymphocyte populations leading to atrophied and depleted lymphoid organs. Immunosuppression can be due to infectious agents or noninfectious agents or due to a combination of them. At present, several modern cellular and molecular approaches are being used to determine the status of the immune system during stress and disease. Comprehensive methodologies for the evaluation of immunosuppression by combined non-infectious and infectious aetiologies have not found general application. Currently, investigations are being developed in order to detect genetic expression of immunologic mediators and receptors by microarray technology. It is likely that this new technique will initiate the development of new strategies for the control and prevention of immunosuppression in poultry. A long term immunosuppression preventive approach involves genetic selection for resistance to immunosuppressive diseases.

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Section: Marek's Disease and Enteric Disease Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Immunosuppressive interactions of viral diseases in poultry

Umar

Munir

Ahsan

et al. 2017

World's Poultry Science Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several enteric viruses have been identified in commercial flocks of turkeys worldwide. Enteric diseases may be occur in all age groups, nevertheless, they are predominantly affect young birds in the three first weeks of age, where infections appear more severe (Nuñez and Piantino Ferreira, 2013;Mettifogo et al, 2014). Enteric viruses increase susceptibility of affected birds to secondary infections and others immunosuppressive diseases.…”

Section: Immunosuppressive Viruses Enteric Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-induced immunosuppression in turkeys (<i>Meleagris gallopavo</i>): A review

Kaboudi¹

2020

Open Vet J.

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“…In poultry, runting-stunting syndrome ( RSS ) is of great relevance to avian intestinal health, and many viruses are involved (Pantin-Jackwood et al, 2008 ; Day et al, 2015 ; Smyth, 2017 ). The syndrome is also known as infectious stunting syndrome, pale-bird syndrome, malabsorption syndrome, malassimilation, and helicopter disease (Goodwin et al, 1993 ; Kang et al, 2012 , 2018 ; Bulbule et al, 2013 ; Day and Zsak, 2013 ; Nuñez and Ferreira, 2013 ; Smyth, 2017 ), and was first described by Olsen ( 1977 ). The syndrome is characterized in animals by dwarfism, poor development, diarrhea, and mortality (Kang et al, 2012 , 2018 ; Day and Zsak, 2013 ; Zsak et al, 2013 ; Domaska-Blicharz et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of avian nephritis virus from chickens showing enteric disorders

et al. 2018

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Runting-stunting syndrome (RSS) is one of the diseases associated with many detected viruses. In Brazil, there were reports of several enteric disease outbreaks in chickens in which avian nephritis virus (ANV) was detected; however, the role of ANV in the outbreaks and whether the virus was a causative agent of these cases of enteric diseases were not determined. The aim of this study was to isolate ANV in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryonated eggs (CEE) from the enteric contents of chickens showing signs of RSS. For this purpose, 22 samples of chicken enteric contents that were positive only for ANV were inoculated into 7 and 14-day-old SPF-CEE via the yolk sac route and incubated for 5 d, with a total of 3 passages. Virus isolation was confirmed by the presence of embryo injuries, detection of viral RNA by RT-PCR, and visualization of viral particles using electron microscopy. Therefore, the 7-day-old inoculated embryos showed dwarfism, gelatinous consistency, hemorrhage, and edema in the embryos, whereas the 14-day-old did not show any alteration. Viral RNA was detected in the embryos of both ages of inoculation, and the same viral particles were visualized. The embryos from the mock group showed no alteration and were negative for all the tests. The viral cDNA was sequenced, and the molecular and phylogenetic analyses showed that the Brazilian isolates are more related with the ANV-1 serotype group; the sequences of these isolates showed a high percentage of nucleotide (86.4 to 94.9%) and amino acid (92.3 to 98.7%) similarity with other sequences from China, Japan, Australia, and the United States that belong to this serotype previously classified group. In this study, we isolated 8 samples of ANV in SPF-CEE from enteric content samples from chickens with RSS. In doing so, we showed the pathological injuries to the embryo caused by the virus and the molecular characterization of a part of the ORF 1b gene of the virus.

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Viral agents related to enteric disease in commercial chicken flocks, with special reference to Latin America

Cited by 15 publications

References 58 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Immunosuppressive interactions of viral diseases in poultry

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Immunosuppressive interactions of viral diseases in poultry

Virus-induced immunosuppression in turkeys (<i>Meleagris gallopavo</i>): A review

Isolation of avian nephritis virus from chickens showing enteric disorders

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