Viral hepatitis C and B among dialysis patients at the Rabat University Hospital: Prevalence and risk factors

Lioussfi, Z.; Errami, Z.; Radoui, A.; Rhou, H.; Ezzaitouni, F.; Ouzeddoun, N.; Bayahia, R.; Benamar, L.

doi:10.4103/1319-2442.132236

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, scarce data was reported about the HBV prevalence in hemodialysis Moroccan patients. A transverse study screened 67 chronic hemodialysis (CHD) subjects, 31 males and 36 females aged between 25 and 88 years, showed that only four subjects (6%) were tested positive for HBsAg, and two of them have confirmed infected prior to their admission in the CHD [21]. Recently in Morocco, over a period of three months (February, March, and April 2019), a prospective, observational single-center study on pregnant women in Agadir was conducted on pregnant 483 women with an average age of 29:9 ± 6:8 years.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Current Hepatitis B Viral Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Situation in Mediterranean Countries

Madihi

Syed

Lazar

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Viral hepatitis B is a global public health problem affecting nearly two billion subjects; 3.3% of whom are from the WHO (World Health Organization) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO). It induces both acute and chronic hepatic disorders with subsequent liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a considerable percentage of patients based on the age of exposure. In this review, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCC prevalence, distribution and prevalence of different genotypes, and male/female infection frequencies in relation to the vaccination status in the Mediterranean countries were reported. Study Design. This systematic review describes the prevalence of hepatitis B infection, genotype distribution of hepatitis B virus, and prevalence and incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in Mediterranean countries belonging to three different continents: Southern Europe (Spain, France, Italy, Croatia, and Greece), North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt), and the Near East region (Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Israel, and Palestine). We tried to collect new data from electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, and public health reports between 1980 and 2019. For each publication, we recorded reference, publication year, study characteristics (date, locations, sample size, and study population), and participant characteristics (population group, year, age, and sex). No language limitation was imposed, and articles or reports from non-peer-reviewed sources were not considered for this analysis. The main keywords were HBV prevalence, hepatitis B infection, HBV genotype, and HCC. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. Healthy population-based studies included the following sample populations: (i) voluntary blood donors, (ii) pregnant women, (iii) community studies, (iv) hemodialysis patients, (v) hospitalized patients, (vi) healthcare workers, (vii) sex workers, (viii) drug abusers, and (ix) prisoners. We excluded studies from the following special groups who were assumed to be at a special high risk: patients from sexually transmitted disease clinics and thalassemia clinics and professional or paid blood donors.

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Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Current Hepatitis B Viral Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Situation in Mediterranean Countries

Madihi

Syed

Lazar

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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“…The epidemiology of HCV infection among patients undergoing maintenance dialysis in developing countries is less known and is based mostly on surveys from single-centre dialysis units (Tab. I) (2,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Epidemiological studies show that patients on long-term dialysis in these countries remain at risk for acquiring HCV by nosocomial transmission within dialysis units.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Hepatitis C Virus In Dialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-acting Antivirals for Hepatitis C Virus in Patients on Maintenance Dialysis

Fabrizi

Donato

2017

Int J Artif Organs

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The frequency of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and plays a detrimental role in mortality in this population. According to the latest survey, the adjusted hazard ratio for HCV-positive versus HCV-negative patients on long-term dialysis was 1.12 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.20) and 1.10 (95% CI, 0.98 to 1.22) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. An impairment on quality of life has also been documented in HCV-infected patients undergoing regular dialysis. Most clinicians have been so far reluctant to treat hepatitis C in patients with advanced CKD, due to concerns regarding low efficacy and safety of interferon-based regimens. The advent of all-oral, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has revolutionized treatment paradigms for HCV, including patients with other comorbidities such as CKD. Two combinations of DAAs have been recently approved for the treatment of HCV in advanced CKD: elbasvir/grazoprevir (evaluated in 1 randomized controlled trial) and ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir/dasabuvir with or without ribavirin (examined in some observational, single-arm studies). These antiviral combinations have provided high safety and efficacy (SVR12 rates >90%) in HCV-infected patients with stage 4-5 CKD. Sofosbuvir, a nucleotide analogue inhibitor of the HCV NS5B polymerase, is the cornerstone of most anti-HCV current regimens but is not currently recommended for patients with severe renal insufficiency (eGFR <30 mL/min per 1.73 m2). However, several small-sized studies have been published on the safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir-based regimens for patients with hepatitis C on maintenance dialysis; overall, the viral response was satisfactory (SVR12 rates ranging between 58% and 100%) with a few drug-related drop-outs. Studies are in progress to assess whether ribavirin-free antiviral combinations with novel DAAs are a viable option for patients with severe renal impairment and chronic HCV infection.

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“…(5) Therefore, patients undergoing hemodialysis are expected to have the highest rates of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections and this is exactly what has been confirmed by the great majority of epidemiological studies which showed prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections in hemodialysis units ranges from 1-20% and 1-55% respectively. (6,(15)(16)(17)(18) The presence of hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus in patients with chronic kidney disease can also increase the morbidity and mortality in these patients. For example, the rate of rejection in kidney transplant and mortality are higher in patients with hepatitis C virus infection than patients without such infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Hemodialysis Patients at JRMS

Ghazzawi¹,

Yassin²,

Alshebly³

2015

JRMS

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Objective:The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in hemodialysis patients at Royal Medical Services hospitals in Jordan for May 2014. In addition, to find out the risk factors associated with these infections.Methods: This is a cross sectional study which was carried out in 7 dialysis units at Jordanian Royal Medical Services in Jordan In May 2014. The notes of patients on maintenance hemodialysis were reviewed and the patients were interviewed by the researchers to collect data regarding the serology status of these patients and potential risk factors which could be associated with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. Results:A total of 712 patients were included in this study. Fifty six percent were males and their mean age was 48. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus was 7%. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus was 16.5%. Family history of hepatitis B infection and history of dialysis outside their specified units were found in 96% of patients with hepatitis B infection with a significant P-value <0.001, while history of hepatitis B vaccination was a strong protective factor against hepatitis B infection with a significant Pvalue of <0.001. Risk factors associated with hepatitis C infection were: age of the patient, duration of hemodialysis, dialysis outside, family history of hepatitis C, history of kidney transplant and dental procedures. Conclusion:Hepatitis B vaccination is of vital importance in prevention of hepatitis B infection in hemodialysis patients. Strict adherence to infection control guidelines as well as possible isolation of hepatitis C infected patients from other dialysis patients is essential to decrease the rate of hepatitis C and hepatitis B infections.

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Viral hepatitis C and B among dialysis patients at the Rabat University Hospital: Prevalence and risk factors

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

A Systematic Review of the Current Hepatitis B Viral Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Situation in Mediterranean Countries

A Systematic Review of the Current Hepatitis B Viral Infection and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Situation in Mediterranean Countries

Direct-acting Antivirals for Hepatitis C Virus in Patients on Maintenance Dialysis

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Hemodialysis Patients at JRMS

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