Virgin coconut oil is effective to treat metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction induced by high refined carbohydrate-containing diet in mice

Zicker, Marina Campos; Silveira, Ana Letícia Malheiros; Lacerda, Débora Romualdo; Rodrigues, Débora F.; Oliveira, Cíntia Tarabal; Cordeiro, Letícia Maria de Souza; Freitas-Lima, Leandro Ceotto; Santos, Sérgio Henrique Sousa; Teixeira, Mauro Martins; Ferreira, Adaliene Versiani Matos

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.08.013

Cited by 38 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Firstly, CO caused decreased fasting-plasma glucose and liver-cell lipid accumulation. These results were analogous to those reported by Naravanankutty et al [19], and Zicker et al [20] who found that virgin CO in the diet lowered the increase in blood glucose level and reduced hepatic damage and steatosis than the one with coconut oil in the diet of high-fructosefed rats and those with a high-refined carbohydrate-containing diet alone mice. Which might be due, respectively, to the high antioxidant efficacy and high content of medium chain fatty acid of the virgin coconut oil diet.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of six weeks consumption of coconut milk oil on vascular functions and fasting blood glucose and lipid profile in middle-aged male rats

Naphatthalung¹,

Chairuk²,

Kanokwiroon³

et al. 2019

FFHD

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Background: Coconut milk consumption in middle-aged male rats can cause increased blood vessel endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) protein expression, and decreased fasting blood glucose.Objective: The present study aimed to investigate whether coconut milk oil (CO), the major constituents of the coconut milk, was responsible for those effects.Methods: CO was isolated from dried fresh coconut milk and gavaged (1 and 3 ml/kg) to middle-aged male rats for 6 weeks. Blood biochemistry, lipid profile and vascular functions were investigated.Results: In comparison to a distilled water control group, no differences were observed in any of the parameters studied in the group fed 1 ml/kg of CO except for an increase in retroperitoneal fat accumulation. Feeding 3 ml/kg of CO caused decreased fasting blood glucose, plasma alkaline phosphatase and blood urea nitrogen and liver cell lipid accumulation, but increased retroperitoneal fat tissue. It also caused decreased maximal contractile response of endothelium-intact thoracic aortic rings to phenylephrine although the effect disappeared in the presence of N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA) or removal of the endothelium. DL-propargylglycine together with L-NA caused a higher contraction to phenylephrine in the CO-treated groups than in the control group. It also caused an increase in vasodilatation to acetylcholine, but not to glyceryl trinitrate, of the phenylephrine pre-contracted aortic rings. CO treatment caused increased vascular wall eNOS and CSE protein expression.Conclusion: CO at a dose of 3 ml/kg causes some decrease in cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged male rats, although the amount of CO consumption should be limited as it caused an increase in retroperitoneal fat.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of six weeks consumption of coconut milk oil on vascular functions and fasting blood glucose and lipid profile in middle-aged male rats

Naphatthalung¹,

Chairuk²,

Kanokwiroon³

et al. 2019

FFHD

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“…LA is the most abundant SFA in coconut oil, which is known to exert beneficial metabolic effects against hepatic steatosis, IR, and cardiovascular disease [ 11 , 12 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. However, concerns exist regarding the benefit of using coconut oil against cardiovascular disease [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, virgin coconut oil supplementation increased adipocyte hypertrophy and promoted AT inflammation in rats [ 36 ]. On the other hand, in another study, virgin coconut oil has been shown to reduce adiposity and AT inflammation in BALB/c mice fed a high-refined carbohydrate-containing diet [ 12 ]. The varied effects of coconut oil in different studies could be due to the experimental conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zacek et al have shown that an obesogenic diet enriched in MCSFAs prevented hepatic lipid accumulation and lowered markers of IR compared to a diet supplemented with LCSFA [ 11 ]. Zicker et al have shown that a high carbohydrate diet supplemented with coconut oil, which is rich in MCSFAs, promoted lower adiposity and decreased hepatic steatosis in mice compared to a high carbohydrate diet alone [ 12 ]. MCSFAs are also effective in reducing body weight and adiposity [ 13 ] and in improving exercise endurance in human subjects [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lauric Acid versus Palmitic Acid: Effects on Adipose Tissue Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obesity

Saraswathi

Kumar

Gopal

et al. 2020

Biology

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Coconut oil, rich in medium-chain saturated fatty acids (MCSFA), in particular, lauric acid (LA), is known to exert beneficial metabolic effects. Although LA is the most abundant saturated fatty acid in coconut oil, the specific role of LA in altering obesity-related metabolic disorders remains unknown. Here, we examined the effects of supplementing a high fat (HF) diet with purified LA on obesity-associated metabolic derangements in comparison with palmitic acid (PA), a long-chain saturated fatty acid. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a control chow diet (CD) or an HF diet supplemented with 3% LA (HF + LA) or PA (HF + PA) for 12 wk. Markers of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, systemic insulin resistance (IR), and hepatic steatosis, were assessed. The body weight and total fat mass were significantly higher in both HF + LA and HF + PA diet-fed groups compared to CD controls. However, the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in HF + LA-fed mice compared to both CD as well as HF + PA-fed mice. Interestingly, markers of AT inflammation were promoted to a lesser extent in HF + LA-fed mice compared to HF + PA-fed mice. Thus, immunohistochemical analysis of VAT showed an increase in MCP-1 and IL-6 staining in HF + PA-fed mice but not in HF + LA-fed mice compared to CD controls. Further, the mRNA levels of macrophage and inflammatory markers were significantly higher in HF + PA-fed mice (p < 0.001) whereas these markers were increased to a lesser extent in HF + LA-fed group. Of note, the insulin tolerance test revealed that IR was significantly increased only in HF + PA-fed mice but not in HF + LA-fed group compared to CD controls. While liver triglycerides were increased significantly in both HF + PA and HF + LA-fed mice, liver weight and plasma markers of liver injury such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were increased significantly only in HF + PA-fed mice but not in HF + LA-fed mice. Taken together, our data suggest that although both LA and PA increased AT inflammation, systemic IR, and liver injury, the extent of metabolic derangements caused by LA was less compared to PA in the setting of high fat feeding.

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“…VCO is supplemented with different diets and different animal models. 2,[31][32][33] In this study, VCO supplementation was not associated with higher satiety, since dietary intake was higher in the HFD+VCO group. Furthermore, the animals in the HFD+VCO group also showed an increase in weight gain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Virgin Coconut Oil Associated with High-Fat Diet Induces Metabolic Dysfunctions, Adipose Inflammation, and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation

Ströher

Oliveira

Martinez-Oliveira

et al. 2020

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Obesity reaches an epidemic level worldwide, and this condition is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and secondary comorbidities, largely driven by global changes in lifestyle and diet. Various dietary approaches are proposed for the obesity treatment and its associated metabolic disorders. Good taste, antioxidant functions, and vitamins have been attributed to virgin coconut oil (VCO). However, VCO contains a large amount of saturated fatty acids, and the consumption of this fat is associated with a number of secondary diseases. We evaluate the effects of VCO supplementation on biochemical, inflammatory, and oxidative stress parameters in rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD). After feeding with HFD for 12 weeks, the animals were supplemented with VCO for 30 days. HFD+VCO group increased in diet intake, weight gain, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. These findings were accompanied by increased in hepatic lipid profile and fat deposition in the liver. Adipocyte hypertrophy was observed in the HFD+VCO group, which was associated with elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) in adipose tissue. These results revealed that VCO associated with HFD induced important metabolic alterations, adipose inflammation, and hepatic lipid accumulation in rats.

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Virgin coconut oil is effective to treat metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction induced by high refined carbohydrate-containing diet in mice

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of six weeks consumption of coconut milk oil on vascular functions and fasting blood glucose and lipid profile in middle-aged male rats

Effects of six weeks consumption of coconut milk oil on vascular functions and fasting blood glucose and lipid profile in middle-aged male rats

Lauric Acid versus Palmitic Acid: Effects on Adipose Tissue Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obesity

Virgin Coconut Oil Associated with High-Fat Diet Induces Metabolic Dysfunctions, Adipose Inflammation, and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation

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