Virtual Network Embedding for Multi-Domain Heterogeneous Converged Optical Networks: Issues and Challenges

Zong, Yue; Feng, Chuan; Guan, Yingying; Liu, Yejun; Guo, Lei

doi:10.3390/s20092655

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(207 reference statements)

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“…NFV is one of the greatest developments in the network evolution process that uses a platform of virtualization and commercial hardware to achieve the functionality of a mobile network. It does not depend on hardware devices but uses software modules [48]. The main benefits of NFV are reduced CAPEXs and OPEXs, reduced power consumption, greater flexibility to evolve, scale-up or scale-down services, and deployment of innovation services at minimum risks [49].…”

Section: Network Function Virtualization (Nfv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Technologies for Next-Generation Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Review and Research Directions

Ali,

Elsaid,

Ateya

et al. 2023

Future Internet

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The concept of smart cities, which aim to enhance the quality of urban life through innovative technologies and policies, has gained significant momentum in recent years. As we approach the era of next-generation smart cities, it becomes crucial to explore the key enabling technologies that will shape their development. This work reviews the leading technologies driving the future of smart cities. The work begins by introducing the main requirements of different smart city applications; then, the enabling technologies are presented. This work highlights the transformative potential of the Internet of things (IoT) to facilitate data collection and analysis to improve urban infrastructure and services. As a complementary technology, distributed edge computing brings computational power closer to devices, reducing the reliance on centralized data centers. Another key technology is virtualization, which optimizes resource utilization, enabling multiple virtual environments to run efficiently on shared hardware. Software-defined networking (SDN) emerges as a pivotal technology that brings flexibility and scalability to smart city networks, allowing for dynamic network management and resource allocation. Artificial intelligence (AI) is another approach for managing smart cities by enabling predictive analytics, automation, and smart decision making based on vast amounts of data. Lastly, the blockchain is introduced as a promising approach for smart cities to achieve the required security. The review concludes by identifying potential research directions to address the challenges and complexities brought about by integrating these key enabling technologies.

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Section: Network Function Virtualization (Nfv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Technologies for Next-Generation Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Review and Research Directions

Ali,

Elsaid,

Ateya

et al. 2023

Future Internet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Initially, the idea of network virtualisation was proposed as a way to face Internet ossification [4,5], testing new network protocols in real production settings rather than small testbeds. However, the application of virtual networks has now expanded to new directions, such as wireless networks (including modern 5G networks), fiber-wireless (FiWi) access networks, and optical data center networks (ODCN) [6,7]. A commercial network virtualisation platform is presented in [8], with a set of implementation strategies and features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agent-based distributed protocol for resource discovery and allocation of virtual networks over elastic optical networks

Bórquez‐Paredes

Beghelli

Lopez

et al. 2022

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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Network virtualization is a key enabling technology for “Infrastructure as a Service” provisioning, increasing the flexibility and cost savings offered to customers. By extending the concept of server virtualization to the network infrastructure, the allocation of different, independent virtual networks over a single physical network is carried out on demand. A fundamental challenge in network virtualization systems is to choose which physical nodes and links to use for hosting virtual networks in the physical infrastructure, known as the “virtual network allocation” problem. All virtual network allocation proposals on elastic optical networks assume a centralized operation, deploying a single node with access to the network state global information and assigning resources accordingly. However, such configuration might exhibit the inherent problems of centralized systems: survivability and scalability. In this paper, we present a distributed protocol for resource discovery, mapping, and allocation of network virtualization systems. The distributed protocol is generic enough as to be used with different substrate networks. However, in this paper, it has been adapted to work over an elastic optical network infrastructure, where further considerations regarding the spectrum continuity and contiguity constraints must also be taken into account. The distributed protocol is based on the concept of alliances: upon the arrival of a virtual network request, agents located in the physical network nodes compete to form the first alliance able to host the virtual network. Because the first alliances to be formed are also the ones composed by nearby nodes, a good network resource usage is achieved. The feasibility of the distributed protocol was studied by evaluating its ability to successfully establish virtual networks within acceptable time and with low bandwidth consumption from the coordination messages.

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“…Basic elements and sub-systems of optical networks. Adapted from [39], under Creative Commons license.…”

Section: A Introduction To Backbone Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining Graph-Fourier Transform Time Series for Anomaly Detection of Internet Traffic at Core and Metro Networks

et al. 2021

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This paper proposes a framework to analyse traffic-data processes on a long-haul backbone infrastructure network providing internet services at a national level. This type of network requires low latency and fast speed, which means there is a large demand for research focusing on near real-time decision-making and resilience assessment. To this aim, this paper proposes two innovative, complementary procedures: a multi-view approach for the topology analysis of a backbone network at a static level and a time-series mining approach of the graph signal for modelling the traffic dynamics. The combined framework provides a deeper understanding of a backbone network than classical models, allowing for backbone network optimisation operations and management at near real-time. This methodology was applied to the backbone infrastructure of a major UK internet service provider. Doing so increased accuracy and computational efficiency for detecting where and when anomalies and pattern irregularities occur in the network signal.

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Virtual Network Embedding for Multi-Domain Heterogeneous Converged Optical Networks: Issues and Challenges

Cited by 11 publications

References 128 publications

Enabling Technologies for Next-Generation Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Review and Research Directions

Enabling Technologies for Next-Generation Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Review and Research Directions

Agent-based distributed protocol for resource discovery and allocation of virtual networks over elastic optical networks

Mining Graph-Fourier Transform Time Series for Anomaly Detection of Internet Traffic at Core and Metro Networks

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