Virus detection using nanosensors

Nanobiosensors for the Detection of Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV and Other Pandemic/Epidemic Respiratory Viruses: A Review

“…Electrochemical nanobiosensors have been applied in several fields [ 25 , 26 , 29 , 57 , 106 , 107 ]. An electrochemical nanobiosensor is a molecular sensing device that couples a biological recognition event with an electrode transducer to produce a useful electrical signal [ 108 ].…”

“…Magnetic nanosensors are obtained by using magnetic beads coated with a ligand, which can be detected by a magnetic field [ 29 ]. The SPR transducers in biosensing are highly influenced by the change in the reflective index associated with the binding or the reaction of biomolecules and bioreceptors at the metal surface.…”

“…Moreover, nanotechnology is inspired by virology to develop novel delivery tools to eradicate the viruses that caused epidemics and pandemics, making the development of devices in a scale, ranging from one to a few hundred nanometers, possible [ 25 , 26 ]. At this scale, novel nanostructures [ 6 , 27 , 28 , 29 ] and nanosensors exhibit properties and performances unseen at the macroscopic level, especially for detecting and sensing events at a nanoscale level [ 25 , 26 , 30 ].…”

“…One possibility is to use nanomaterials as indicators for sensing applications [ 35 ]. These sensors are able to recognize the analyte of interest, such as protein [ 36 ], nucleic acid [ 37 ], carcinogens [ 38 ], bacteria [ 39 ], viruses [ 40 ], antibodies, antigens, and other biological components [ 41 ] on the surface of a signal transducer [ 29 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Hence, the biosensing interface layout is important in verifying the efficiency and performance of the nanobiosensor [ 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”

“…Because of the urgent circumstances, detection of respiratory viruses, including the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV), is incredibly important in medical, environmental, and social sectors for major protection applications. One of the important advantages of nanobiosensors is the great capability to detect bacteria and viruses at very low concentrations [ 29 ]. Consequently, early detection will assist and alert clinicians before the onset of symptoms, with minimum viral effects.…”