Virus-Like Particles Are Efficient Tools for Boosting mRNA-Induced Antibodies

Vogt, Anne-Cathrine S.; Jörg, Lukas; Martina, Byron; Krenger, Pascal S.; Chang, Xinyue; Zeltiņš, Andris; Vogel, Monique; Mohsen, Mona O.; Bachmann, Martin F.

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.864718

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The avidity of an antibody is a measure of the overall strength of an antibody–antigen complex ( Gaspar and De Gaspari, 2021 ). We determined the avidity of the antibodies by coating ELISA plates with the SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron (B1.1.529) RBD and testing antibody binding in the presence of 7 M urea, which encourages the detachment of low-avidity antibodies ( Vogt et al, 2022 ). We compared the avidity of these specific antibodies at weeks 6, 16 and 50 post-immunization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 vaccines based on viral nanoparticles displaying a conserved B-cell epitope show potent immunogenicity and a long-lasting antibody response

et al. 2023

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 sparked intensive research into the development of effective vaccines, 50 of which have been approved thus far, including the novel mRNA-based vaccines developed by Pfizer and Moderna. Although limiting the severity of the disease, the mRNA-based vaccines presented drawbacks, such as the cold chain requirement. Moreover, antibody levels generated by these vaccines decline significantly after 6 months. These vaccines deliver mRNA encoding the full-length spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2, but must be updated as new strains and variants of concern emerge, creating a demand for adjusted formulations and booster campaigns. To overcome these challenges, we have developed COVID-19 vaccine candidates based on the highly conserved SARS CoV-2, 809-826 B-cell peptide epitope (denoted 826) conjugated to cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) nanoparticles and bacteriophage Qβ virus-like particles, both platforms have exceptional thermal stability and facilitate epitope delivery with inbuilt adjuvant activity. We evaluated two administration methods: subcutaneous injection and an implantable polymeric scaffold. Mice received a prime–boost regimen of 100 μg per dose (2 weeks apart) or a single dose of 200 μg administered as a liquid formulation, or a polymer implant. Antibody titers were evaluated longitudinally over 50 weeks. The vaccine candidates generally elicited an early Th2-biased immune response, which stimulates the production of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies, followed by a switch to a Th1-biased response for most formulations. Exceptionally, vaccine candidate 826-CPMV (administered as prime-boost, soluble injection) elicited a balanced Th1/Th2 immune response, which is necessary to prevent pulmonary immunopathology associated with Th2 bias extremes. While the Qβ-based vaccine elicited overall higher antibody titers, the CPMV-induced antibodies had higher avidity. Regardless of the administration route and formulation, our vaccine candidates maintained high antibody titers for more than 50 weeks, confirming a potent and durable immune response against SARS-CoV-2 even after a single dose.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 vaccines based on viral nanoparticles displaying a conserved B-cell epitope show potent immunogenicity and a long-lasting antibody response

et al. 2023

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“…Vogt et al developed a VLP-based mRNA vaccine, which successfully induced high levels of RBD-specific antibodies after primeboost administration. [201] Currently, VLP carriers are widely used for gene editing and mRNA delivery, with some projects already advancing into clinical research stages. [202] Another efficient delivery platform is the mammalian retrovirus-like protein PEG10, developed by the Zhang team.…”

Section: Other Delivery Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered mRNA Delivery Systems for Biomedical Applications

Wang,

Zhu,

Gan

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Messenger RNA (mRNA)‐based therapeutic strategies have shown remarkable promise in preventing and treating a staggering range of diseases. Optimizing the structure and delivery system of engineered mRNA has greatly improved its stability, immunogenicity, and protein expression levels, which has led to a wider range of uses for mRNA therapeutics. In this tutorial review, we first provide a thorough analysis of the optimization strategies used in the structure of mRNA and then describe delivery systems in great detail. Furthermore, we summarize the latest advancements in biomedical engineering for mRNA technology, including its applications in combatting infectious diseases, treating cancer, providing protein replacement therapy, conducting gene editing, and more. Lastly, we offer a perspective on forthcoming challenges and prospects concerning the advancement of mRNA therapeutics. Despite these challenges, mRNA‐based therapeutics remain promising, with the potential to revolutionize disease treatment and contribute to significant advancements in the biomedical field.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…The VLP vaccine used in this study efficiently boosted the B-cells that were primed with the RBD-expressing mRNA vaccines. The prime-boost regimen involving mRNA and VLPs was just as effective when the immunization orders were reversed, that is, priming with VLP and boosting with mRNA [ 145 ].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Viruses and Virus-like Particle Vaccine Development: How Far Have We Advanced?

Chu

Quan

2023

Viruses

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With technological advancements enabling globalization, the intercontinental transmission of pathogens has become much easier. Respiratory viruses are one such group of pathogens that require constant monitoring since their outbreak leads to massive public health crises, as exemplified by the influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2. To prevent the transmission of these highly contagious viruses, developing prophylactic tools, such as vaccines, is of considerable interest to the scientific community. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are highly sought after as vaccine platforms for their safety and immunogenicity profiles. Although several VLP-based vaccines against hepatitis B and human papillomavirus have been approved for clinical use by the United States Food and Drug Administration, VLP vaccines against the three aforementioned respiratory viruses are lacking. Here, we summarize the most recent progress in pre-clinical and clinical VLP vaccine development. We also outline various strategies that contributed to improving the efficacy of vaccines against each virus and briefly discuss the stability aspect of VLPs that makes it a highly desired vaccine platform.

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Virus-Like Particles Are Efficient Tools for Boosting mRNA-Induced Antibodies

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

COVID-19 vaccines based on viral nanoparticles displaying a conserved B-cell epitope show potent immunogenicity and a long-lasting antibody response

COVID-19 vaccines based on viral nanoparticles displaying a conserved B-cell epitope show potent immunogenicity and a long-lasting antibody response

Engineered mRNA Delivery Systems for Biomedical Applications

Respiratory Viruses and Virus-like Particle Vaccine Development: How Far Have We Advanced?

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