Virus taxonomy--1997.

Mayo, M. A.; Pringle, C. R.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-79-4-649

Cited by 226 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) is a plant pararetrovirus (19 -22) and belongs to the "RTBV-like" genus of the caulimoviridae family (23). RTBV has a circular, double-stranded DNA genome of 8 kilobase pairs from which the terminally redundant pregenomic transcript is produced (19,20,24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Activation of the Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus Gene Is Critically Dependent on an Activator Element Located Immediately Upstream of the TATA Box

Höhn

Fütterer³

2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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To investigate the transcriptional mechanisms of rice tungro bacilliform virus, we have systematically analyzed an activator element located immediately upstream of the TATA box in the rice tungro bacilliform virus promoter and its cognate trans-acting factors. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we showed that rice nuclear proteins bind to the activator element, forming multiple specific DNA-protein complexes via protein-protein interactions. Copper-phenanthroline footprinting and DNA methylation interference analysis indicated that multiple DNA-protein complexes share a common binding site located between positions ؊60 to ؊39, and the proteins contact the activator element in the major groove. DNA UV cross-linking assays further showed that two nuclear proteins (36 and 33 kDa), found in rice cell suspension and shoot nuclear extracts, and one (27 kDa), present in root nuclear extracts, bind to this activator element. In protoplasts derived from a rice (Oryza sativa) suspension culture, the activator element is a prerequisite for promoter activity and its function is critically dependent on its position relative to the TATA box. Thus, transcriptional activation may function via interactions with the basal transcriptional machinery, and we propose that this activation is mediated by protein-protein interactions in a position-dependent mechanism.In eukaryotes, the transcription of protein-coding genes by RNA polymerase II is regulated via two distinct types of DNA sequences: core promoter elements, located near the transcription start site that are sufficient to direct the accurate initiation of transcription; and upstream promoter elements, which contain binding sites for sequence-specific transcriptional activator and/or repressor proteins (1, 2). Transcriptional activators stimulate transcription by recruiting the RNA polymerase II machinery to a core promoter and/or stabilizing the transcription-initiation complex (3-6). Activators have been proposed to directly or indirectly (through coactivators) interact with components of the basal transcription machinery in mammalian systems (3,7,8).Although the basal transcriptional machinery, also referred to as the polymerase II transcription initiation complex, has not been studied in plants as extensively as in mammalian, Drosophila, and yeast systems, TATA-binding proteins (TBPs), 1 TFIID, TFIIA, and RNA polymerase II subunits have been isolated from plants (9 -12). Moreover, a number of plant trans-acting factors have been identified (13). Little is known in plants about the molecular mechanisms of transcriptional activation. It has been shown that TGA1a, a transcription activator interacting with the activation sequence-1 element in the CaMV 35 S promoter (14), increases the rate of preinitiation complex formation (15, 16). The plant transcription factor GT-1 belongs to the class of trihelix DNA-binding proteins, and it binds to a promoter cis-element with the core DNA sequence 5Ј-GGTTAA found initially in light-regulated genes (17). Recently, it has bee...

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confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Activation of the Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus Gene Is Critically Dependent on an Activator Element Located Immediately Upstream of the TATA Box

Höhn

Fütterer³

2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The percent similarity of this genomic region of members of the Potyvirus genus is a taxonomic criterion used for the characterization and identification of new species, although it does not usually allow for strain differentiation (Shukla et al, 1994;Mayo & Pringle, 1997;Revers et al 1997a). This analysis confirmed that isolates AF198 and AF199 are LMV isolates, since their capsid protein gene sequences (deposited into the GenBank under the accession numbers AJ278855 and AJ278854, respectively) have greater than 95% similarity with previously characterized LMV isolates (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caracterização molecular de dois isolados brasileiros de Lettuce mosaic virus apresentando propriedades biológicas distintas

et al. 2001

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The coat protein genes of two field isolates of Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV) from São Paulo State, previously characterized based on their virulence on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) differential cultivars as belonging to pathotypes II (isolate AF198, unable to infect cultivars possessing the genes mo1 1 or mo1 2 ) and IV (isolate AF199, which breaks the resistance conferred by mo1 1 or mo1 2 ), were cloned and sequenced. Comparisons of the nucleotide sequences from European, Middle-Eastern, North American, and the two Brazilian isolates did not distinguish strains, because homologies were always greater than 95%. However, phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Brazilian isolate AF198 clusters with isolates LMV-R and LMV-0 (pathotype II, from the United States and France, respectively). Isolate AF199 clustered with two isolates (LMV-Aud and LMV-13) from France. These isolates are also closely related to isolates from Chile, although a common origin is not proposed. Independent mutation events may be occurring in different parts of the world, leading to the emergence of distinct LMV strains capable of overcoming the resistance genes mo1 1 or mo1 2 .Key words:: Lactuca, lettuce, Potyvirus, LMV, capsid protein, cloning, resistance. RESUMO Caracterização molecular de dois isolados brasileiros de Lettuce mosaic virus apresentando propriedades biológicas distintasEfetuou-se a clonagem e seqüenciamento do gene que codifica a proteína capsidial de dois isolados do vírus do mosaico da alface (Lettuce mosaic virus, LMV) provenientes do estado de São Paulo, previamente caracterizados como pertencentes aos patótipos II (AF198, incapaz de infetar cultivares com os genes de resistência mo1 1 ou mo1 2 ) e IV (AF199, capaz de quebrar a resistência propiciada pelos genes mo1 1 e mo1 2 ), com base na virulência em cultivares diferenciadoras. Análise comparativa das seqüências de nucleotídeos de isolados provenientes da Europa, América do Norte, Oriente Médio e os dois isolados brasileiros não permitiu sua separação em estirpes, pois as porcentagens de homologia foram sempre superiores a 95%. Entretanto, análise filogenética dos isolados sugere uma origem comum entre o isolado AF-198 e os isolados LMV-R e LMV-0 (patótipo II, provenientes dos Estados Unidos e da França, respectivamente). O isolado AF199 apresentou uma alta homologia de seqüência com os isolados LMV-Aud e LMV-13, ambos provenientes da França. Esses isolados também são relacionados a isolados provenientes do Chile, embora uma origem comum não seja proposta. Eventos independentes de mutação podem estar ocorrendo em diferentes partes do mundo, propiciando o surgimento de novas estirpes de LMV capazes de quebrar a resistência conferida pelos genes mo1 1 e mo1 2 .

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“…NDV classified under the genus Avulavirus in the family Paramyxoviridae (Mayo, 2002), encodes for six major structural and non-structural proteins (Millar et al, 1988). The fusion protein (F) present in the viral envelope is synthesized as the F0 precursor, which is activated after cleavage into F1 and F2 fragments, to initiate infection (Nagai et al, 1976;Umino et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning of a gene fragment encoding chicken complement component C3d with expression and immunogenicity of Newcastle disease virus F gene–C3d fusion protein

Dong

Zhong-xiang

2008

Avian Pathology

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Virus taxonomy--1997.

Cited by 226 publications

References 25 publications

Transcriptional Activation of the Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus Gene Is Critically Dependent on an Activator Element Located Immediately Upstream of the TATA Box

Transcriptional Activation of the Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus Gene Is Critically Dependent on an Activator Element Located Immediately Upstream of the TATA Box

Caracterização molecular de dois isolados brasileiros de Lettuce mosaic virus apresentando propriedades biológicas distintas

Cloning of a gene fragment encoding chicken complement component C3d with expression and immunogenicity of Newcastle disease virus F gene–C3d fusion protein

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