Viscosities for Completion Fluids at Temperature and Density

Abstract

Brine viscosities are an important property in sand-control and coil-tubing operations. Viscosities are used to calculate sand settling rates for gravel-packing and frictional pressure losses. Because of limited brine-viscosity data, viscosites were determined for conventional completion fluids using an Oswald viscometer. Then, 3D equations were determined as a function of density and temperature for calcium chloride; calcium bromide; calcium chloride and calcium bromide; calcium bromide and zinc bromide; three-salt mixture of calcium chloride, calcium bromide, and zinc bromide; and sodium bromide solutions. All equations had an absolute average deviation from the measured values of less than 10%.

Natural Vegetable Gum Drilling and Completion Fluids System for Industrial Control and Application

“…However, for the synthesis of treatment agent is complex and the costs are high, especially the lack of raw materials for the proper treatment agent, the drilling and completion fluid proper for the environmental protection is constrained in a certain extent. Furthermore, the performance of the drilling fluid may change with the increase of the temperature, and it is hard to adjust and control in the drilling operation, even may lead to the failure of the drilling operation in the oil and gas exploration [6][7]. For these reason, this paper presents a natural vegetable gum fluid and completion fluids system.…”