Visible-Range Multiple-Channel Metal-Shell Rod-Shaped Narrowband Plasmonic Metamaterial Absorber for Refractive Index and Temperature Sensing

Abstract

Multiple resonance modes in an optical absorber are necessary for nanophotonic devices and encounter a challenge in the visible range. This article designs a multiple-channel plasmonic metamaterial absorber (PMA) that comprises a hexagonal arrangement of metal-shell nanorods in a unit cell over a continuous thin metal layer, operating in the visible range of the sensitive refractive index (RI) and temperature applications. Finite element method simulations are utilized to investigate the physical natures, such as the absorptance spectrum, magnetic flux and surface charge densities, electric field intensity, and electromagnetic power loss density. The advantage of the proposed PMA is that it can tune either three or five absorptance channels with a narrowband in the visible range. The recorded sensitivity and figure of merit (S, FOM) for modes 1–5 can be obtained (600.00 nm/RIU, 120.00), (600.00 nm/RIU, 120.00 RIU−1), (600.00 nm/RIU, 120.00 RIU−1), (400.00 nm/RIU, 50.00 RIU−1), and (350.00 nm/RIU, 25.00 RIU−1), respectively. Additionally, the temperature sensitivity can simultaneously reach 0.22 nm/°C for modes 1–3. The designed PMA can be suitable for RI and temperature sensing in the visible range.

Polarization Insensitive and Thin Metamaterial Absorber Performed in High-Frequency 5G Bands

“…For engagement with wireless communication devices, metamaterial absorbers (MMAs) based on the resonance principle have been investigated such as emitters (Lee et al, 2019), filters (Chen et al, 2018), sensors (Kairm et al, 2014), photodetectors , photovoltaic solar cells (Wang et al, 2012), and infrared camouflage (Lee et al, 2019). Although there are significant studies on MMA designs for microwave Bilal et al, 2020;Amiri et al, 2020), terahertz (Didari-Bader & Saghaei, 2023Ma et al, 2023), visible (Chao et al, 2023;Guo et al, 2023) and ultraviolet (Wu et al, 20222;Alsharari et al, 2023) frequencies in the literature, there is still a relative gap in this regard for 5G high frequencies (especially between 24 GHz and 28 GHz bands) (Naqvi et al, 2022). Furthermore, investigations on narrowband, broadband, and ultra-wideband absorbers have limits due to their expensive and sophisticated materials for EM wave enhancement and complicated geometric forms.…”

A Liquid Crystal-Modulated Metastructure Sensor for Biosensing

“…Since it was first proposed in 2008, it has attracted considerable interest owing to its attractive characteristics, which encompass nearly perfect absorption, a flexible design, and a thin thickness. The application of the absorber is divided into two directions: broadband absorption [ 18 , 19 , 20 ] and narrowband absorption [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Among them, since the absorption peak of narrow-band absorption is often generated by resonance, it is easy to relate the frequency of the absorption peak to the external environment.…”

Plasmonic Coupled Modes in a Metal–Dielectric Periodic Nanostructure

“…However, achieving precise control of hybridized plasmonic resonances is challenging due to the relatively high number of parameters involved in an SLR-coupled system [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. In this context, gap surface plasmon metasurfaces (GSPMs) [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ] based on metal–insulator–metal (MIM) nanostructures [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ] have exhibited strong broadband absorption of multi-spectral coverage. The thickness of the dielectric function of the sandwiched material closely correlates with such absorption [ 36 ], and this geometry has also shown excellent performance in optical phase, amplitude, and polarization manipulation of reflected fields [ 37 ].…”