Vision therapy for intermittent exotropia: A case series

Ma, Martin Ming‐Leung; Kang, Yani; Chen, Chao; Su, Cuiyun; Tian, Zhen; Le, Meihua

doi:10.1016/j.optom.2020.05.006

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Also, some scholars believe that [5] it may cause obvious postoperative drift in IXT patients, so it is suggested that postoperative visual correction measures shall be taken for patients accepting the slanted lateral rectus recession. Binocular vision training can promote the recovery of stereoscopic vision by correcting the anomalous retinal correspondence (ARC) and increasing the fusion function, with the effect that has been demonstrated in the reconstruction of postoperative binocular visual function in IXT children [6], but few studies have confirmed its efficacy in children with CI-IXT currently. Based on this, the effect of the aforesaid training on visual function in the affected children was explored in this study, with the results reported as follows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Applying Binocular Visual Training after Slanted Lateral Rectus Recession on Orthophoric Rate and Binocular Visual Function Recovery on Patients with Convergence Insufficiency-Type Intermittent Exotropia

Dai

Sun

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. To explore the effect of applying binocular visual training after slanted lateral rectus recession on orthophoric rate and binocular visual function recovery on patients with convergence insufficiency-type intermittent exotropia (CI-IXT). Methods. A total of 76 CI-IXT child patients treated at the Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Department of our hospital from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the research objects, and those who met the inclusion criteria were equally divided into group A (63 eyes) and group B (61 eyes) according to the sealed envelope randomization. All child patients accepted the slanted lateral rectus recession, and after that, those in group A accepted the binocular visual training and those in group B accepted the conventional visual function rehabilitation training, so as to compare their position of eye, the best corrected visual acuity, etc., after training for statistical analysis. Results. Compared with group B after one month of surgery, group A had significantly less patients with grade I binocular vision function ( P < 0.001) and more patients with grade II and III vision function ( P < 0.05); between group A and group B, after 3 months and 6 months of treatment, the number of eyes with normal stereoscopic vision was significantly higher in group A ( P < 0.05); at 15 days, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months of treatment, the visual strain scores of group A were significantly lower ( P < 0.001); after treatment, the number of orthophoria eyes was significantly higher in group A ( P < 0.001), while the numbers of overcorrected eyes and undercorrected eyes were significantly higher in group B ( P < 0.001); and the total incidence rate of adverse reactions was significantly lower in group A ( P < 0.05). Conclusion. Applying binocular visual training to child patients with CI-IXT after slanted lateral rectus recession can promote the recovery of binocular vision and ensure higher safety, and further study will help to establish a better solution for the affected children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Applying Binocular Visual Training after Slanted Lateral Rectus Recession on Orthophoric Rate and Binocular Visual Function Recovery on Patients with Convergence Insufficiency-Type Intermittent Exotropia

Dai

Sun

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…The primary goal of treatment for IXT is to preserve the binocular vision and improve (or preserve) stereopsis. The previous studies showed that office-based VT is an effective method in treating IXT [8,9]. In the presented case, intermittent exotropia has been initially treated with traditional office-based VT which has resulted in improvement in fusional vergence and control of deviation, however stereopsis did not change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The treatment sequence of VT usually includes accommodative, oculomotor, near and distance vergence techniques. Anti-suppression techniques are also incorporated to maintain the simultaneous perception of the right and left eye [6][7][8]. At present, virtual reality (VR) seems to create perfect condition for anti-suppression training, since in head-mounted display goggles (HMD goggles), it is possible to project images independently in front of the right and left eye during binocular viewing conditions (dichoptic stimulation).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereopsis deficiency treatment using virtual reality games in exotropic candidate for firefighter

Maciaszek

Wojtczak-Kwaśniewska

2020

Ophthatherapy

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Background: Impaired stereopsis very often limits career options for patients with binocular vision disorders. Eyesight requirements for some occupations like police officers and firefighters usually include perfect visual acuity. In Poland, candidates for these professions must also demonstrate perfect stereopsis. The presented case study aims to demonstrate that vision therapy (VT1) mixed with new technologies may be an effective treatment for young adults who do not meet the chosen occupation's visual requirements. Case report: A case of a young man diagnosed with intermittent exotropia and poor stereopsis is discussed. Poor stereopsis did not allow him to pass the ophthalmological qualification tests to the fire academy. Vision therapy was implemented to improve stereopsis. The case report presents the patient’s treatment implemented within 4 years. The patient started with prismatic correction, then received the office-based VT with home reinforcement. The improvement in fusional vergence and the control of deviation was observed. Nevertheless, the patient was still stereo-deficient. 3 years later, Binocular Vision Therapy in Virtual Reality (BVTVR2) was recommended. The patient received home-based therapy for 16 weeks (60 minutes per day), which has resulted in significant improvement of stereopsis. As a result, he finally met the visual requirements to become a firefighter. Conclusion: BVTVR appears to be a promising rehabilitation method for patients with poor stereopsis. Three-dimensional anti-suppression therapy and dynamic, real-life stereopsis training seem to be a more effective treatment of poor stereopsis compared to standard VT techniques.

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“…Wilhelmsen & Knudsen (2020) describe in their study that structured visual stimulation can improve visual functions particularly accommodation and convergence and also binocular visual acuity. Ma et al (2020) come to the conclusion in their study that office-based vision therapy reinforced with home exercises is effective. There is also evidence that visual training has an impact on brain areas related to reading ability in dyslexic students (Taskov & Dushanova, 2020).…”

Section: Visual Acuity Reading Speed and Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Structured Visual Learning and Stimulation in School: An Intervention Study

Wilhelmsen¹,

Felder²

2021

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Background: The 4-year project Securing education for children in Tanzania aims at improving education through assessment and educational training in visual functions such as visual acuity, accommodation, fixation and ocular-motor function in school age children by trained teachers. This article describes and analyzes a 3-week vision intervention and its outcome on the pupils with regards to selected visual functions and reading speed. Objective:To investigate whether structured visual stimulation improves visual functions and reading speed in 5 th grade pupils at an elementary school in urban Tanzania. Methods: A quasi-experimental/intervention study with pre-and post-test following visual stimulation intervention involving a vision group (n = 21) and a control group (n = 14). Results: The pupils who received structured vision stimulation for 3 weeks, 1 hour per day improved visual functions and their reading speed. Conclusion: Structured visual training done by highly qualified teachers has an impact on visual functions and reading speed. More research has to identify the benefits, challenges and consequences for education and service delivery.

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Vision therapy for intermittent exotropia: A case series

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of Applying Binocular Visual Training after Slanted Lateral Rectus Recession on Orthophoric Rate and Binocular Visual Function Recovery on Patients with Convergence Insufficiency-Type Intermittent Exotropia

Effect of Applying Binocular Visual Training after Slanted Lateral Rectus Recession on Orthophoric Rate and Binocular Visual Function Recovery on Patients with Convergence Insufficiency-Type Intermittent Exotropia

Stereopsis deficiency treatment using virtual reality games in exotropic candidate for firefighter

Structured Visual Learning and Stimulation in School: An Intervention Study

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