Visual characterization technique for gravel‐cobble river bed surface sediments; validation and environmental applications Contribution to the programme of CIRSA (Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur le Saumon Atlantique)

Latulippe, Christian; Lapointe, Martine-Emmanuelle; Talbot, Tracey

doi:10.1002/1096-9837(200103)26:3<307::aid-esp160>3.3.co;2-i

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Water depth and velocity, as well as substrate composition, are often regarded as key drivers shaping community structure (Knouft et al 2011, Michel andKnouft 2014). Water depth (z in cm, measured using a graduated pole), velocity (v in cm/s; Flo-Mate 2000: Marsh-McBirney Inc., Frederick, Maryland, USA), and substrate median grain size (g in cm) were estimated in ten 50 cm × 50 cm plots randomly dispatched within each sampling site (Wolman 1954, Latulippe et al 2001). These three variables were used as covariables to obtain a better assessment of the effect of flow management on fish count and biomass densities, and species richness.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spatially‐explicit assessment of the fish population response to flow management in a heterogeneous landscape

et al. 2016

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Ecological processes are structured in space and there are important benefits in incorporating spatial information for the analysis of data sets obtained from field studies. Assessing the effect of different flow management practices on river ecosystems is an example where such an exercise is highly relevant. Human activities such as hydroelectric power production are known to modify the temporal variability in river flow. Flow management strategies may have a direct influence on fishes and may trigger complex cascades of interactions involving different features of the river ecosystem. In this study, we performed an assessment of the effect of different flow management practices on fish count density (no. fish/m2), biomass density (g/m2), and species richness. Data were collected in 941 sites located along 28 Canadian rivers. These rivers were either naturally flowing or had altered flows from one of three flow management strategies: run of the river dams, storage with gradual release, or storage with peak release. Each site (300 m2) was surveyed using paired snorkeling and electrofishing techniques; environmental variables (water depth and velocity, and substrate composition) were also measured. The study spanned a broad geographic range (3497 km, geodesic distance) and involved repeated local observations (16–50 sites/river), and was therefore inherently spatially organized. We used spatial modeling to obtain a baseline to estimate the effect of flow management strategies on fishes. Our results indicate that rivers downstream of flow peaking storage dams have, by far, the lowest fish densities (count and biomass) and species richness, whereas those downstream of gradual release storage dams had higher fish biomass density than the unregulated rivers.

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Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spatially‐explicit assessment of the fish population response to flow management in a heterogeneous landscape

et al. 2016

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“…Visual estimates of grain size have been validated by other researchers. Latulippe et al (2001) reported a 15% uncertainty for visual estimation of D50. Buffington and Montgomery (1999b) describe a similar iterative approach of visual identification and quantitative grain size measurements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of Channel Change from Constructed Wood Jams on a Forested Gravel‐Bed Stream

Flannery

Stubblefield

Fiori³

et al. 2016

Trans Am Fish Soc

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Salmonids in the Pacific Northwest face a number of threats: habit degradation, loss of habitat, overharvest, competition from hatchery fish, dams, and climate change. Wood has been shown to play a key role in many aspects of stream habitat quality; however, it is in low supply in many Pacific Northwest streams because of wood removal and timber harvest practices in riparian zones. Wood placement for restoration has the potential to benefit salmonid populations. However, common applications often fall short of producing the physical changes necessary to achieve the objectives, such as the formation of deep pools and cover. This study evaluated the hypothesis that wood jams constructed with whole-tree materials, high wood piece counts, and high wood volumes would be effective at creating instream geomorphic complexity, function, and aquatic habitat quality. Results were based on an evaluation of changes to surface sediment textures and channel morphology at eight constructed wood jams built with varying complexity, wood volumes, and whole-tree materials, including large-diameter trees with an attached rootwad, logs, and branches. We found that complex wood jams created statistically significant changes that include increasing percentage pool cover, increasing scour pool habitat, and sorting and metering gravel, resulting in an increase in the proportion of the stream bed composed of gravels appropriately sized for local species of spawning salmonids, increased habitat heterogeneity, and increased gradient and channel width.

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“…We calibrated features of divers (e.g., boot tops, knees, waist, chest, shoulders, and head) with a measuring tape before approximating water depth relative to the snorkeler's body length at locations within the channel unit that were representative of average and maximum depths. Substrate and cover were visually estimated by the field crew (Hankin and Reeves 1988;Latulippe et al 2001). Channel-unit widths and lengths were measured using a laser rangefinder (ASC Scientific).…”

Section: Extensive and Intensive Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variability of Chinook Salmon Spawning Distribution and Habitat Preferences

et al. 2017

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We investigated physical habitat conditions associated with the spawning sites of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and the interannual consistency of spawning distribution across multiple spatial scales using a combination of spatially continuous and discrete sampling methods. We conducted a census of aquatic habitat in 76 km of the upper main-stem Yakima River in Washington and evaluated spawning site distribution using redd survey data from 2004 to 2008. Interannual reoccupation of spawning areas was high, ranging from an average Pearson's correlation of 0.62 to 0.98 in channel subunits and 10-km reaches, respectively. Annual variance in the interannual correlation of spawning distribution was highest in channel units and subunits, but it was low at reach scales. In 13 of 15 models developed for

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Visual characterization technique for gravel‐cobble river bed surface sediments; validation and environmental applications Contribution to the programme of CIRSA (Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur le Saumon Atlantique)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

A spatially‐explicit assessment of the fish population response to flow management in a heterogeneous landscape

A spatially‐explicit assessment of the fish population response to flow management in a heterogeneous landscape

Observations of Channel Change from Constructed Wood Jams on a Forested Gravel‐Bed Stream

Spatial Variability of Chinook Salmon Spawning Distribution and Habitat Preferences

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