Visual deprivation is met with active changes in ground reaction forces to minimize worsening balance and stability during walking

Shoja, Otella; Farsi, Alireza; Towhidkhah, Farzad; Feldman, Anatol G.; Abdoli, Behrouz; Bahramian, Alireza

doi:10.1007/s00221-020-05722-0

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The two visual conditions were tested randomly. The participants were required to wear black blindfolds when testing under VD conditions ( Shoja et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of visual deprivation on the injury of lower extremities among functional ankle instability patients during drop landing: A kinetics perspective

Meng

Kong²,

Kong

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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Background: The ankle is prone to injury during drop landing with usual residual symptoms, and functional ankle instability (FAI) is the most common. Vision guarantees the postural stability of patients with FAI, and visual deprivation (VD) increases their risk of injury when completing various movements. This study explored injury risk during drop landing in patients with FAI under VD through the kinetics of lower extremities.Methods: A total of 12 males with FAI participated in the study (age, 23.0 ± 0.8 years; height, 1.68 ± 0.06 m; weight, and 62.2 ± 10.4 kg) completed single-leg drop landings under visual presence (VP) and VD conditions. Ground reaction force (GRF), time to peak GRF, joint torque, and vertical length variation (ΔL) were measured.Results: Significant effects were detected in the group for time to peak lateral GRF (p = 0.004), hip extensor torque (p = 0.022), ankle plantarflexion torque (p < 0.001), ankle varus torque (p = 0.021), lower extremity stiffness (p = 0.035), and ankle stiffness (p < 0.001). Significant effects of conditions were detected for vertical GRF, time to peak vertical and lateral GRF, loading rate, hip extensor torque, knee extensor torque, hip varus torque, knee varus torque, lower extremity stiffness, and ankle stiffness (p < 0.05). ΔL was affected by VD with a significant difference (p < 0.001).Conclusion: In patients with FAI, an unstable extremity has a higher injury risk than a stable extremity, and VD increases such risk. However, because the influence of the central nervous system on hip strategy is also affected, the effect on the unstable extremity is more significant and more likely to result in injury. Deepening the squat range may be an effective preventive measure for reducing injury risk of unstable extremities during drop landing.

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“…The two visual conditions were tested randomly. The participants were required to wear black blindfolds when testing under VD conditions ( Shoja et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of visual deprivation on the injury of lower extremities among functional ankle instability patients during drop landing: A kinetics perspective

Meng

Kong²,

Kong

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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“…Despite numerous studies exploring the effects of age, terrain, vision, and velocity on walking kinematics and kinetics 21 , few have simultaneously considered these factors' effects on GRFs and related them to energetics. Understanding the impact of these factors is crucial for studying walking pathology, stability, and balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Ground Reaction Force Impulses During Uneven Walking for Young and Older Adults

Hosseini Yazdi

2024

Preprint

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Humans navigate various terrains by exerting forces to direct the Center of Mass (COM) and maintain balance. During walking, humans transition from one stance leg to the next by exerting impulses during the step-to-step transition. Studying these transition impulses may provide insight into how humans traverse uneven terrains. When walking speed increased (constant terrain amplitude), the average braking and propulsive impulses (posterior/anterior) increased comparably (−0.0270 m · s−1· g−1v−1versus 0.0252 m s−1· g−1v−1). In the vertical direction, while the collision impulse remained constant, the push-off impulse declined by -0.0535 m · s−1· g−1· v−1. The interaction of age and speed also increased the collision impulse (0.0202 m · s−1· g−1· v−1). With the rise of terrain amplitude (constant speed), the braking and propulsive impulses rose by -0.0607 m · s−1· g−1· m−1and 0.0701 m · s−1· g−1· m−1, respectively. Thus, we could infer that the propulsive impulse also contributed to the gait mechanical energy. While the collision impulse increased with terrain amplitude (0.1775 m · s−1· g−1· m−1) and the interaction of age and terrain amplitude (0.1058 m · s−1· g−1· m−1), the push-off impulse declined (−0.2700 m · s−1· g−1· m−1and -0.1473 m · s−1· g−1· m−1). We also observed the push-off as a fraction of the total vertical impulse declined. Therefore, we detected a mechanical energy deficit in the step-to-step transition that must have been compensated for during the mid-flight phase. Considering the portion of push-off occurring after the subsequent heel-strike as delayed push-off, while it increased with walking speed, it declined with terrain amplitude. Thus, during uneven walking, the push-off exertion must have been interrupted, indicating the demand for further mechanical energy infusion after the transition.

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Reaction of human walking to transient block of vision: analysis in the context of indirect, referent control of motor actions

et al. 2023

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Visual deprivation is met with active changes in ground reaction forces to minimize worsening balance and stability during walking

Cited by 8 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of visual deprivation on the injury of lower extremities among functional ankle instability patients during drop landing: A kinetics perspective

Effects of visual deprivation on the injury of lower extremities among functional ankle instability patients during drop landing: A kinetics perspective

Analysis of Ground Reaction Force Impulses During Uneven Walking for Young and Older Adults

Reaction of human walking to transient block of vision: analysis in the context of indirect, referent control of motor actions

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