Visual facilitation of auditory localization in schoolchildren: A signal detection analysis

A defense of the two-component model of visual facilitation in auditory localization

“…Mastroianni feels that there is a contradiction between our argument and previous findings by Jones (1975) and Warren (1970) which makes our interpretation untenable. The contradiction Mastroianni perceives is that we accept the Warren experiment as a demonstration of a frame-of-reference effect, and the Jones experiment as a demonstration of memory facilitation-even though both effects were demonstrated under full room illumination with no explicit speaker markers.…”

On listening where we look: The fragility of a phenomenon

“…Warren's (1970;see also Platt & Warren, 1972) influential visual frame of reference theory states that a (freely viewed) textured visual field provides the information required to anchor spatial attention and hence auditory localization. Alternatively, Jones's (1975; see also Jones & Kabanoff, 1975) spatial memory hypothesis holds that position information from the motor activity of the eyes is alone both necessary and sufficient to provide the hypothesized spatial framework in memory required for sound localization. While Reisberg et al's (1981) results appear to demonstrate the influence of motor cues, their methodology did not permit the direct isolation of the mechanism(s) responsible for the observed effect, since visual, motor, and even cognitive cues may have been confounded with fixation position in their study.…”

The influence of eye movements and illumination on auditory localization

“…I will demonstrate in this paper that (1) their interpretation of the literature overlooks important contradictions in the empirical findings in this literature, (2) they misconstrue the nature of the hypotheses offered by Jones (1975) and Warren (1970), and (3) the experiments reported by Shelton and Searle (1980) do not, in fact, support their view of the literature. Finally, I will offer an alternative interpretation of the literature that more critically assesses the earlier findings and will present some data that were collected in an attempt to clarify some of the issues in this literature.…”

“…The author claims that Shelton and Searle fail to make the relevant distinction between Warren's (1970) frame of reference hypothesis and Jones's (1975) spatial memory hypothesis. Shelton and Searle's claim that they have demonstrated the existence of two distinct forms of visual facilitation is questioned.…”

“…Over the past 10 years, several experiments have been conducted that have demonstrated the facilitating effect of visual stimulation on auditory localization (Jones, 1975;Jones & Kabanoff, 1975;Platt & Warren, 1972;Shelton & Searle, 1980;Warren, 1970). The most recent article in this series, that by Shelton and Searle (1980), discusses this literature in terms of the differing hypotheses advanced by the principal investigators in this field, Jones and Kabanoff (1975) and Warren (1970).…”