Visual search during dynamic displays: Effects of velocity and motion direction

Mu, Tong; Chen, Shanguang; Niu, Yafeng; Wu, Jinchun; Tian, Jingze; Xue, Chengqi

doi:10.1002/jsid.1116

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…There was evidence that the increase in actual speed gives rise to apparent speed, which is consistent with the previous research [40,47]; it was also found that a cubic equation could be used to illustrate the quantitative relationship between actual speed and apparent speed. The study also discovered that higher speeds have a detrimental impact on the accuracy rate of response, which aligns with the previous research [23,48]. The emergence of this phenomenon can be attributed to the presence of motion blur effects, when movement speed exceeds 32 • /s, the degree of motion blur could be more serious [23,32], which made it more difficult for observers to see the image clearly.…”

Section: Discussion Of Experiments IIsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The study also discovered that higher speeds have a detrimental impact on the accuracy rate of response, which aligns with the previous research [23,48]. The emergence of this phenomenon can be attributed to the presence of motion blur effects, when movement speed exceeds 32 • /s, the degree of motion blur could be more serious [23,32], which made it more difficult for observers to see the image clearly. Additionally, some evidence indicates that observers experienced more visual fatigue symptoms as the speed increased, including eye fatigue, dryness, and discomfort.…”

Section: Discussion Of Experiments IIsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Speeds below 8 • /s were considered low, while speeds above 32 • /s were considered high; around 16 • /s was deemed a relatively moderate speed range. These speed points have been shown in previous studies to correspond to abrupt changes in visual cognitive performance [23,48].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…These sizes were chosen based on previous research recommendations for moving objects in maps or interfaces [31]. A Landolt Ring is commonly used in dynamic vision studies [23,32] and adheres to ISO 8596 standards for their inner-to-outer ring ratio. Figure 1 provides specific details, showing the image background as pure black and the target object as uniformly yellow.…”

Section: Methods Of Experiments I 21 Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, what plays a key role among them is the absolute value of speed. For instance, moving icons at speeds exceeding 32 • /s can cause motion blur effects that lead to reduced dynamic visual acuity and cognitive errors, bringing about significant visual fatigue [23,24]; rotational graphics at speeds of 720 • /s may induce the wagon wheel effect, leading to failure in speed discrimination [25]; and watching radial or rotating speed patterns on screens can cause noticeable dizzy spells in viewers [22,26]. More importantly, neuroscience research has also revealed differences in processing mechanisms for fast-and slow-moving stimuli within the visual system [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Research on the Movement Speed of Situational Map Symbols Based on User Dynamic Preference Perception

Tong,

Chen,

Wang

et al. 2024

Aerospace

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When designing situational maps, selecting distinct and visually comfortable movement speeds for dynamic elements is an ongoing challenge for designers. This study addresses this issue by conducting two experiments to measure the human eye’s ability to discern moving speeds on a screen and examines how symbol movement speeds within situational maps affect users’ subjective experiences, task performance, and visual comfort. The first experiment measured participants’ speed discrimination capabilities for Landolt Ring of varying sizes moving at 0–256°/s, yielding speed discrimination thresholds of 7–23% and a sensitive velocity range of 1–64°/s. The second experiment evaluated observers’ visual perceptions of moving elements within a cognitive task across the same range of 1–64°/s, identifying three significant benchmarks—8°/s, 16°/s, and 32°/s. These can be utilized to categorize slow-, moderate-, and fast-moving symbols in situational maps. The findings can aid in designing human–machine interface environments with improved viewer experience and visual comfort for both Air Traffic Control interfaces and situational maps.

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Section: Discussion Of Experiments IIsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussion Of Experiments IIsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Methods Of Experiments I 21 Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Research on the Movement Speed of Situational Map Symbols Based on User Dynamic Preference Perception

Tong,

Chen,

Wang

et al. 2024

Aerospace

Self Cite

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The impact of clock timing on VDT visual search performance under time constraint

Hu,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionConducting Visual Display Terminal (VDT) visual search tasks under time constraint has broad applications in fields such as security checks, medical diagnostics, and rescue operations. While excessive time pressure can impair performance, moderate time pressure can motivate individuals to complete tasks and increase productivity. Investigating the positive impact of time pressure on visual search tasks has become a crucial area of study. Clock timing plays a vital role in the visual interface, influencing the perception of time pressure and impacting visual search performance. However, existing research has paid little attention to the induction of time pressure and the impact of clock timing in VDT visual interfaces on visual search performance. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the impact of clock timing on VDT visual search performance under time constraint.MethodsThe content of the experimental tasks was determined through a pilot experiment. The formal experiment was conducted in two phases over six sessions. Participants were tasked with locating the letter “E” embedded within the distractor letter “F,” displayed with a clock area above the interface. The first phase of experiments included conditions of no clock, 4-min clock timing, and 4-min countdown clock timing. In the second phase of the experiment, the clock display method was a countdown clock, with three experiments conducted featuring long time, medium time, and short time. Search speed and accuracy were used as primary performance evaluation metrics to examine the impact of clock timing methods and duration on visual search performance. Twenty-one undergraduate students participated in the formal experiment.ResultsIn the first phase of experiments, participants demonstrated significantly faster reaction times (RTs) in tasks where a clock display was present compared to tasks without (ANOVA, F(2, 60) = 4.588, P = 0.014). However, there were no significant differences in accuracy rates across different timing conditions (ANOVA, F(2, 60) = 0.146, P = 0.865), and no significant correlation between RTs and accuracy was found (Kendall’s R = 0.11, P = 0.914). During the second phase, RTs decreased significantly as time constraints became more stringent (ANOVA, F(2, 60) = 7.564, P < 0.05). Conversely, accuracy rates decreased significantly under shorter time constraints (ANOVA, F(2, 60) = 4.315, P < 0.05), with a negative correlation observed between RTs and accuracy (Kendall’s R = 0.220, P < 0.01).DiscussionCompared to conditions without clock displays, having clock displays significantly improved the speed of the visual search task, although the difference in accuracy was not statistically significant. In the context of shorter clock countdown limits, Shorter timing constraints resulted in faster search speeds but also led to reduced accuracy and increased fatigue. Overall, a correlation exists between search speed and accuracy in visual tasks, where higher speed often correlates with lower accuracy. These findings provide valuable insights into clock timing design for visual search interfaces under time pressure.

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Human Reliability Assessment of Space Teleoperation Based on ISM-BN

Zhang,

Chen,

Dai

2024

Machines

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Space teleoperation systems, as complex giant systems, feature performance-influencing factors that are interrelated. Accurately describing the dependence between these factors is crucial for constructing a human factor reliability assessment (HRA) model. Moreover, data scarcity has consistently been a challenge in space HRA. There are primarily two types of data in this domain: expert judgment data and empirical data (simulation data, actual reports), each with complementary effects. The expert judgment data, although subjective, are readily accessible, while empirical data provide robust objectivity but are difficult to obtain. Addressing these challenges, this paper constructs an HRA model for space teleoperation that combines Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) with a two-stage Bayesian update method. This model reflects the dependencies between factors and accommodates multisource data (expert judgment and experimental data). With more empirical data, the model can be continuously updated and refined to yield increasingly accurate evaluations of human error probability (HEP). The validity of the model was verified through the analysis of 52 space incidents using the N-K model. The study provides a methodological foundation for HRA in other space missions.

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Visual search during dynamic displays: Effects of velocity and motion direction

Cited by 3 publications

References 64 publications

Research on the Movement Speed of Situational Map Symbols Based on User Dynamic Preference Perception

Research on the Movement Speed of Situational Map Symbols Based on User Dynamic Preference Perception

The impact of clock timing on VDT visual search performance under time constraint

Human Reliability Assessment of Space Teleoperation Based on ISM-BN

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