Visualization of Breast Lymphatic Pathways With an Indirect Computed Tomography Lymphography Using a Nonionic Monometric Contrast Medium Iopamidol

Abstract

Indirect CT-LG with iopamidol may have excellent potential for visualizing breast lymphatic drainage and for preoperative localization of breast sentinel lymph nodes.

Nanoscale iodized oil emulsion: a useful tracer for pretreatment sentinel node detection using CT lymphography in a normal canine gastric model

“…Such contrast agents may rapidly enter the venous capillaries, shunting lymphatic pathways after interstitial injection. This characteristic means that the optimal time window for CT imaging is very short [26]. Presently, the optimal CT window using water-soluble, non-particulate contrast agents has been known to be between 5 and 10 min after interstitial injection, which may considerably limit SLN navigation, particularly in gastrointestinal malignancies [16,17].…”

Prospective ultrasonographic prediction of sentinel lymph node metastasis by real-time virtual sonography constructed with three-dimensional computed tomography–lymphography in breast cancer patients

“…Briefly, under local anesthesia, 4 ml of undiluted iopamidol (Iopamiron 370; Nihon Schering, Osaka, Japan) was injected into the periareolar and peritumoral areas (2 ml at each site), followed by gentle massage for 60 s [5][6][7]. Contiguous CT images from the upper thorax to the axillary region were obtained before and immediately after administration of the contrast agent and massage.…”

“…We recently developed a new technique for detecting SLNs by interstitial multidetector-row computed tomography (CT)-lymphography using iopamidol, a widely available water-soluble non-ionic monometric contrast agent [5][6][7]. When we performed SLNB using both threedimensional CT lymphography (3DCT-LG) and the dye method, the SLN detection rate was 100% [6,7].…”

X-Ray Polarization Imaging

“…Suga et al (30) reported the results of a study of contrast-enhanced CT of the lymph nodes in a canine model and also reported the depiction of mammary lymph nodes in one human volunteer. In 1975, Weshler et al (31) described (a) "pneumomammography," in which oxygen was injected under pressure to inflate the breast, and (b) "pneumocystography," in which oxygen was used to inflate aspirated cysts.…”