Visualizing the growth process of sodium microstructures in sodium batteries by in-situ 23Na MRI and NMR spectroscopy

Xiang, Yuxuan; Zheng, Guorui; Liang, Ziteng; Jin, Yanting; Liu, Xiangsi; Chen, Shijian; Zhou, Ke; Zhu, Jianping; Lin, Min; He, Huajin; Wan, Jiajia; Yu, Shenshui; Zhong, Guiming; Fu, Riqiang; Li, Yangxing; Yang, Yuxin

doi:10.1038/s41565-020-0749-7

Cited by 120 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We believe that our understanding based on LiH and H 2 will draw forth more insightful efforts to realize excellent Li protection and the ultimate practical applications of “holy grail” LMBs. More importantly, our perspectives from metal hydrides will open a new era of understanding battery interface reactions and interface components, are quite meaningful to conventional state‐of‐art lithium (or sodium)‐ion batteries, lithium‐oxygen batteries, lithium‐sulfur batteries and other‐type metal batteries (such as sodium‐metal, [33] potassium‐metal, and calcium‐metal batteries, etc. ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation/Decomposition Equilibrium of LiH and its Contribution on Anode Failure in Practical Lithium Metal Batteries

Wang

et al. 2021

Angewandte Chemie

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Discovering the underlying reason for Li anode failure is ac ritical step towards applications of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). In this work, we conduct deuterium-oxide (D 2 O) titration experiments in an ovel on-line gas analysis mass spectrometry (MS) system, to determine the content of metallic Li and lithium hydride (LiH) in cycled Li anodes disassembled from practical LiCoO 2 /Li LMBs.T he practical cell is comprised of ultrathin Li anode (50 mm), high loading LiCoO 2 (17 mg cm À2 ,2 .805 mAh cm À2)a nd different formulated electrolytes.O ur results suggest that the amount of LiH accumulation is negatively correlated with cyclability of practical LMBs.M ore importantly,w er eveal at emperature sensitive equilibrium (Li + 1/2 H 2 Ð LiH) governing formation and decomposition process of LiH at Li anode.Webelieve that the unusual understanding provided by this study will draw forth more insightful efforts to realizee fficient Li protection and the ultimate applications of "holy grail" LMBs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation/Decomposition Equilibrium of LiH and its Contribution on Anode Failure in Practical Lithium Metal Batteries

Wang

et al. 2021

Angewandte Chemie

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“…Combining with Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the microstructures including dendrite and mossy metal deposition can also be characterized. 121 In addition, sodium hydride NaH was also discovered as one of SEI components on the surface of sodium metal with NMR. 121 In operando real-time mass spectrometric technique has also been used to reveal the dynamic double-layer SEI, where the inner SEI is a thin and denser inorganic rich layer that functions as Li-ion conductor and electron insulation, and the outer layer is organic-rich compound.…”

Section: Characterizing Structure Properties and Geometrical Features Of The Seimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…121 In addition, sodium hydride NaH was also discovered as one of SEI components on the surface of sodium metal with NMR. 121 In operando real-time mass spectrometric technique has also been used to reveal the dynamic double-layer SEI, where the inner SEI is a thin and denser inorganic rich layer that functions as Li-ion conductor and electron insulation, and the outer layer is organic-rich compound. 122 Both the formation of SEI and orphaning lithium will cause the lithium metal loss reversibility.…”

Section: Characterizing Structure Properties and Geometrical Features Of The Seimentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilizing metal battery anodes through the design of solid electrolyte interphases

Zhao

Stalin

Archer

2021

Joule

356

228

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“…[ 4,5 ] During the repeated plating/stripping processes, the huge volume variety of Na anode unavoidably causes the fracture of SEI layer; thus the newly exposed metallic Na will be consumed in constant contact with the electrolyte, finally leading to the depletion of electrolyte and poor Coulombic efficiency (CE). [ 6,7 ] 2) More seriously, the formation and growth of Na dendrites during cycles easily induce the short circuit, overheating or even explosion of battery accompany with the penetration of dendrites through separator to reach the cathode. [ 8,9 ] Relative researches indicate that the emergence of Na dendrites is mainly induced by the uneven distribution of Na + ions, high local current density, and heterogeneous nucleation of Na.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Protection Engineering of Sodium Nanoparticles toward Dendrite‐Free and Long‐Life Sodium Metal Battery

You

Xiong

et al. 2021

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The instability of interfacial solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer of metallic sodium (Na) anode during cycles results in the rapid capacity decay of sodium metal batteries (SMBs). Herein, the concept of interfacial protection engineering of Na nanoparticles (Na‐NPs) is proposed first to achieve stable, dendrite‐free, and long‐life SMB. Employing an ion‐exchange strategy, conformal Sn‐Na alloy‐SEI on the interface of Na‐NPs is constructed, forming Sn@Na‐NPs. The stable alloy‐based SEI layer possesses the following three advantages: 1) significantly enhancing the transport dynamics of Na+ ions and electrons; 2) enabling the well‐distributed deposition of Na+ ions to avoid the growth of dendrites; and 3) protecting the Sn@Na‐NPs anode from the attack of electrolyte, thereby reducing the parasitic reaction and boosting the Coulombic efficiency of SMBs. Because of these virtues, the symmetric Sn@Na‐NPs cell shows an ultralow voltage hysteresis of 0.54 V at 10 mA cm−2 after 600 h. Paired with the Na3V2(PO4)2O2F (NaVPF) cathode, the NaVPF‐Sn@Na‐NPs full cell exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 89.2 mAh g−1 at 1 C and a high capacity retention of 81.6% after 600 cycles.

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Visualizing the growth process of sodium microstructures in sodium batteries by in-situ 23Na MRI and NMR spectroscopy

Cited by 120 publications

References 32 publications

The Formation/Decomposition Equilibrium of LiH and its Contribution on Anode Failure in Practical Lithium Metal Batteries

The Formation/Decomposition Equilibrium of LiH and its Contribution on Anode Failure in Practical Lithium Metal Batteries

Stabilizing metal battery anodes through the design of solid electrolyte interphases

Interfacial Protection Engineering of Sodium Nanoparticles toward Dendrite‐Free and Long‐Life Sodium Metal Battery

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