Vitamin B12 levels in selected insects

Wakayama, Edgar J.; Dillwith, Jack W.; Howard, Ralph W.; Blomquist, Gary J.

doi:10.1016/0020-1790(84)90027-1

Cited by 48 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The latter reaction is dependent upon vitamin B12. The low levels or absence of vitamin B12 in many insect species [185] is therefore consistent with the conversion of propionate to acetate rather than to succinate.…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of Methylalkanesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Chemistry, biochemistry, and physiology of insect cuticular lipids

Blomquist

Nelson²,

Renobales

1987

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

Self Cite

322

185

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The chemistry, biochemistry, and physiology of insect cuticular lipids are reviewed. The types of components present in cuticular extracts are described with special emphasis on the occurrence and identification of the di-and trimethylalkanes and the newly discovered tetramethylalkanes. The methods used in the extraction of cuticular components are discussed, including recommendations to standardize procedures. The structural elucidation of methylalkanes, particularly the mass spectral interpretation of multi-methylbranched alkanes, is reviewed. The biosynthesis of cuticular lipids is discussed with emphasis on the hydrocarbon components, describing elongation reactions and the origin of the methyl branches. The effects of environment and development on cuticular lipids are reviewed.

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Section: Biosynthesis Of Methylalkanesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Chemistry, biochemistry, and physiology of insect cuticular lipids

Blomquist

Nelson²,

Renobales

1987

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

Self Cite

322

185

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show abstract

“…The biosynthetic pathway observed in harvestmen most likely relies on the participation of a methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, which is an enzyme exclusive to non-insect arthropods [42][43][44][45]. This feature appears to indicate a key metabolic difference between insects and other arthropods, such as arachnids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvestman Phenols and Benzoquinones: Characterisation and Biosynthetic Pathway

et al. 2013

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Abstract:Benzoquinones are usually present in arthropod defence exudates. Here, we describe the chemical profiles of 12 harvestman species belonging to the neotropical family Gonyleptidae. Nine of the studied species produced benzoquinones, while three produced alkyl phenols. Two benzoquinones and one phenol exhibited biological activity against bacteria and fungi. We also studied the biosynthesis of 2-ethyl-1,4-benzoquinone by feeding Magnispina neptunus individuals with 13 C-labelled precursors; the benzoquinones were biosynthesised through a polyketide pathway using acetate and propionate building blocks.

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“…Gut-associated microbes may aid in the synthesis of B vitamins, sterols, and other nutrients that are necessary for proper metabolic functioning and larval development (House 1954, Dadd 1961, Baker 1975, Armstrong 1978, Wakayama et al 1984, de Souza et al 2009). Most nutritional studies have used complete artiÞcial (holidic) diets with all components in known amounts, and then deleted various components to examine the effects on insect growth compared with the complete or basal diet.…”

Section: Abstract Carpenter Ant Camponotus Vicinus Holidic Diet Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of B Vitamin Deletion in Chemically Defined Diets on Brood Development in Camponotus vicinus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Mankowski

Morrell

2014

Journal of Economic Entomology

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The potential contributions of B vitamins by a yeast associate to the nutrition of the carpenter ant Camponotus vicinus Mayr was examined as part of an effort to develop a chemically defined diet. This diet was used to test the effects of individual B vitamin and other nutrient deletions on larval development. The chemically defined diet contained amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and other growth factors in a liquid sucrose matrix. C. vicinus worker colonies with third- and fourth-instar larvae were fed a complete artificial diet or that diet with a component deleted for a 12-wk period. There was a significant effect of diet on larval growth and number of adult worker ants produced in the overall nutrient deletion test, but ant development was often better on incomplete diets with one B vitamin deleted compared with the complete holidic basal diet. Thiamine deletion resulted in significantly higher brood weights compared with the complete diet. Diets of sugar water plus all B vitamins, sugar water only, or a diet minus all B vitamins and cholesterol were associated with significantly lower brood weights. Significantly more adult worker ants were produced by worker colonies fed diets minus cholesterol, choline, thiamine, or riboflavin compared with the complete basal diet. The results suggest that the diet, while suitable for rearing, could benefit from further study to better define component levels. The potential relationship of C. vicinus with yeast associates is discussed in relation to further studies.

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Vitamin B12 levels in selected insects

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Chemistry, biochemistry, and physiology of insect cuticular lipids

Chemistry, biochemistry, and physiology of insect cuticular lipids

Harvestman Phenols and Benzoquinones: Characterisation and Biosynthetic Pathway

Effects of B Vitamin Deletion in Chemically Defined Diets on Brood Development in Camponotus vicinus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

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