Vitamin C and E Intake Is Associated With Increased Paraoxonase Activity

Jarvik, Gail P.; Tsai, Nancey Trevanian; McKinstry, Laura; Wani, Roohi; Brophy, Victoria H.; Richter, Rebecca J.; Schellenberg, Gerard D.; Heagerty, Patrick J.; Hatsukami, Thomas S.; Furlong, Clement E.

doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000027101.40323.3a

Cited by 176 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…This finding is in agreement with that previously described by Jarvik et al (2002) who reported the association of vitamin C and/or vitamin E intake with the antiatherogenic enzyme activity. The inhibition of LDL oxidation by HDL, which is due to the hydrolysis of lipid peroxidation, appears to be in part (Mackness, 1994) a function of the studied enzyme activities, which are components of HDL (Aviram et al, 2000a).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Alpha-tocopherol supplementation prevents the exercise-induced reduction of serum paraoxonase 1/arylesterase activities in healthy individuals

et al. 2007

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Objective: To investigate PON 1/Aryl activities in basketball players with or without a-T supplementation pre-and post-training. Vitamin E (a-tocopherol, a-T) reduces lipid peroxidation. Paraoxonase 1/arylesterase (PON 1/Aryl) activities are closely related to oxidation and atherogenesis. Subject/Methods: Blood was obtained from 10 players pre-(group A), post-exercise (group B) and after 1 month on a-T (200 mg per 24 h orally) supplementation pre-(group C) and post-exercise (group D). Lactate, pyruvate, muscle enzyme activities, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured with commercial kits. Catecholamines and a-T were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography methods and PON 1/Aryl activities spectrophotometrically. Results: Lactate, pyruvate, muscle enzyme activities and catecholamines were increased (Po0.001) in all groups post-training. Alpha-T levels remained unaltered pre-vs post-exercise. TAS was decreased in all the groups post training. PON 1/Aryl activities were significantly decreased post-exercise (group B) (PON1: 65712 U min À1 ml À1 , Aryl: 58714 KU min À1 ml À1 ) as compared to those pre-exercise (group A) (PON1: 142716 U min À1 ml À1 , Aryl: 114712 KU min À1 ml À1 , Po0.001). In contrast, the studied enzyme activities remained practically unaltered after a-T supplementation pre-vs post-training. Both enzyme activities positively correlated to TAS (r ¼ 0.60, Po0.001).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Alpha-tocopherol supplementation prevents the exercise-induced reduction of serum paraoxonase 1/arylesterase activities in healthy individuals

et al. 2007

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“…nase activity (30). Although the effects of carotenoids on atherosclerosis may be similar to those of vitamins C and E (i.e., a free radical species inhibition effect), lycopene may also have specific effects on cholesterol synthesis (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Metabolic Syndrome and Antioxidant Concentrations

et al. 2003

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Oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, but little is known about antioxidant status among individuals with the metabolic syndrome who are at high risk for developing these conditions. Using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988 -1994), we compared circulating concentrations of vitamins A, C, and E; retinyl esters; five carotenoids; and selenium in 8,808 U.S. adults aged >20 years with and without the metabolic syndrome. After adjusting for age, sex, race or ethnicity, education, smoking status, cotinine concentration, physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, and vitamin or mineral use, participants with the metabolic syndrome had significantly lower concentrations of retinyl esters, vitamin C, and carotenoids, except lycopene. With additional adjustment for serum lipid concentrations, vitamin E concentrations were significantly lower in participants with the metabolic syndrome than those without the syndrome. Retinol concentrations were similar between the two groups. After excluding participants with diabetes, the results were very similar. Consumption of fruits and vegetables was also lower among people with the metabolic syndrome. Adults with the metabolic syndrome have suboptimal concentrations of several antioxidants, which may partially explain their increased risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

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“…Therefore, changes in PON1 activity with the consumption of vegetables following ordinary meals may not occur in the postprandial state, as was in case of a study with blackcurrant juice, which is rich in water-soluble antioxidant polyphenols and ascorbic acid 26) . On the other hand, prior reports on human studies have shown that the intake of antioxidants exerts beneficial effects on PON1 activity [27][28][29][30][31] . Further research is required to determine the optimal quality and quantity of vegetables, duration of intervention, and health status of subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Postprandial Paraoxonase 1 Activity Following Consumption of Recommended Amounts of Mixed Meals in Healthy Males

Kameyama

Maruyama

Kotani

et al. 2016

J Atheroscler Thromb

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Aim: Postprandial lipid level increases induce oxidative stress, which is involved in atherogenesis.The antioxidant properties of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) have attracted attention. However, changes in postprandial PON1 levels differ across prior studies, and changes in PON1 lactonase activity, potentially relevant to PON1 physiology, after the consumption of ordinary meals are unknown. Herein we evaluated postprandial serum lipid levels and PON1 changes following mixed-meal consumption of the amounts recommended for ordinary meals. Methods: Nine healthy male volunteers consumed three different meals in a randomized cross-over design. The test meals were as follows: S, white rice; SMF, S with fat-containing protein-rich main dishes; and SMFV: SMF with vegetable dishes. The serum lipid concentrations and PON1 lactonase and arylesterase activities were determined during a three-hour period after the consumption of these meals. Results: The postprandial triglyceride levels were higher after consuming the SMF and SMFV meals than after consuming the S meal. Despite postprandial high-density lipoprotein cholesterol being unchanged, PON1 lactonase activity was decreased, while PON1 arylesterase activity was increased in the postprandial state after all test meals. Postprandial changes in lactonase and arylesterase activities did not differ among the test meals. Conclusions: Inverse changes in PON1 lactonase and arylesterase activities were observed after consuming recommended ordinary meals. This observation provides useful information for choosing PON1 species as postprandial markers. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2016; 23: 225-232.

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Vitamin C and E Intake Is Associated With Increased Paraoxonase Activity

Cited by 176 publications

References 68 publications

Alpha-tocopherol supplementation prevents the exercise-induced reduction of serum paraoxonase 1/arylesterase activities in healthy individuals

Alpha-tocopherol supplementation prevents the exercise-induced reduction of serum paraoxonase 1/arylesterase activities in healthy individuals

The Metabolic Syndrome and Antioxidant Concentrations

Postprandial Paraoxonase 1 Activity Following Consumption of Recommended Amounts of Mixed Meals in Healthy Males

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