Vitamin D: An Evidence-Based Review

Kulie, Teresa; Groff, Amy; Redmer, Jackie; Hounshell, Jennie; Schrager, Sarina

doi:10.3122/jabfm.2009.06.090037

Cited by 290 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…A meta-analysis of 22 studies found no statistically significant link between vitamin D levels and chronic pain syndromes. However some studies hint towards a cause effect relationship between vitamin D levels and pain [3,4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of Vitamin D status In Patients of Chronic Low Back Pain of Unknown Etiology

et al. 2014

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Low back pain is very disabling and dispiriting because of the physical impediment it causes and its psychological effects. Innumerable factors have been implicated in its etiology. In spite of improvements in diagnostic modalities, a considerable number of such cases fall in the ambiguous zone of unknown etiology or 'idiopathic.'Early diagnosis of low back pain will allow effective prevention and treatment to be offered. This study was conducted to assess the contribution of vitamin D levels and other biochemical factors to chronic low back pain in such cases. All patients attending the orthopedics OPD for low back pain in whom a precise anatomical cause could not be localized, were prospectively enrolled in this study. We measured serum levels of glucose, calcium, phosphorus, uric acid, rheumatoid factor, C reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin and 25 (OH) D concentrations in 200 cases and 200 control samples. The patients showed significantly lower vitamin D levels compared to controls with p value \ 0.0001. The maximum number of low back pain patients were in the age group of 31-50 years (42 %).The average BMI was 23.27 ± 5.17 kg/sq m, 73 % of total patient population were females and 27 % were known case of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Calcium, alkaline phosphatase, was positively correlated with vitamin D and glucose showed a negative correlation with vitamin D in the patient population. The problem of low back pain provides a challenge to health care providers. The problem in developing countries is compounded by ignorance to report for early treatment and occupational compulsions in rural areas and sedentary lifestyle in urban youth. The authors strongly recommend early frequent screening for vitamin D along with glucose, protein, albumin, calcium, phosphorus, CRP as part of general health checkup for non-specific body pain, especially low back pain.

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Assessment of Vitamin D status In Patients of Chronic Low Back Pain of Unknown Etiology

et al. 2014

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“…Long-term vitamin D insufficiency is associated with increased risks of several chronic diseases including cancers, hypertension, heart diseases, diabetes and multiple sclerosis (4,5) . A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has been reported in infants, children and adolescents from different countries around the world (6)(7)(8)(9) .…”

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Hb level in relation to vitamin D status in healthy infants and toddlers

Abdul‐Razzak

Khoursheed

Altawalbeh

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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“…The recent re-emergence of rickets and osteomalacia has received much media attention, 1 and there is growing interest in vitamin D deficiency as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular, autoimmune and some malignant diseases. 2 Most vitamin D is obtained by UVB exposure of the skin and little is ingested from dietary sources. The UK receives adequate UVB radiation for vitamin D synthesis only during late spring and summer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Vitamin D assessment in primary care: changing patterns of testing

Zhao

Gardner

Taylor³

et al. 2015

London Journal of Primary Care

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. The number of vitamin D tests requested by primary care, and the associated cost, is rapidly increasing. . More cases of vitamin D deficiency were detected each year, but the odds of detecting deficiency decreased. . Repeat tests form a significant proportion of total requests, and should be performed after three to six months. . Seasonal variation in vitamin D levels should always be considered when requesting tests and interpreting results. Clinicians should consider risk factors for vitamin D deficiency to ensure targeted testing of patients. Why this matters to usThere is increasing awareness of the importance of vitamin D for maintaining musculoskeletal health by both the medical profession and the public. The number of requests for vitamin D testing from primary care is consequently increasing. Testing is expensive and can amount to a substantial financial burden, particularly if testing and retesting are performed inappropriately. There is a need to develop clear guidance for assessing vitamin D status in primary care. We believe our observations and recommendations will inform to improve the cost-effectiveness of vitamin D testing, its ability to influence management and thus make a real impact within primary care practice and patient care. Although this study was carried out in Liverpool, conclusions remain relevant to London given its greater black, Asian and minority ethnic population who are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency.

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Vitamin D: An Evidence-Based Review

Abstract: Background and Physiology

Cited by 290 publications

References 67 publications

Assessment of Vitamin D status In Patients of Chronic Low Back Pain of Unknown Etiology

Assessment of Vitamin D status In Patients of Chronic Low Back Pain of Unknown Etiology

Hb level in relation to vitamin D status in healthy infants and toddlers

Vitamin D assessment in primary care: changing patterns of testing

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