Vitamin D and potential effects on cancers: a review

Vitamin D and prostate cancer prevention

“…There have been numerous epidemiological studies examining the relationship between vitamin D and prostate cancer, however, the evidence is mixed[ 5 ]. The findings from these studies vary, with some suggesting a potential link between higher vitamin D levels and a lower risk of developing prostate cancer, while others have not found a significant association[ 6 , 7 ]. The specific relationship between vitamin D and prostate cancer may vary among different populations due to factors such as sunlight exposure, genetics, dietary habits, ethnicity, and lifestyle factors.…”

“…There are several studies that have investigated the inclusion of vitamin D in the diet and the relationship of serum vitamin D levels with prostate cancer[ 6 , 12 - 14 ]. Campbell et al [ 13 ] with intake of vitamin D3 dose titrated to achieve serum level of 60 ng/mL founded that intensive nutritional intervention with vitamin D supplementation may benefit men on active surveillance for prostate cancer and that patients with higher initial vitamin D levels were twice as likely to have a downward PSA slop[ 13 ].…”

Discordant Health Implications and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin D in Clinical and Preclinical Studies of Prostate Cancer: A Critical Appraisal of the Literature Data

“…This is evidenced not only through numerous commentaries in social media and daily press articles but also by contributions at annual scientific conferences in which both consensus and controversies have been recorded [1][2][3][4][5][6]. While the impacts of vitamin D on bone diseases such as rickets, osteoporosis, and osteomalacia are well established [7], its roles in extra-skeletal diseases such as cardiovascular, dermatologic, neurological, metabolic, and immunological disorders, and importantly in various cancers remain to be clarified [8][9][10]. In particular, the association between vitamin D status and cancer risk, as well as the potential preventive effect of vitamin D on both the incidence and mortality of cancers, are frequently discussed [11][12][13][14].…”