Vitamin D Binding Protein: A Fidelity Molecule in Spectra of Diseases

Abstract

Vitamin D Binding Protein (VDBP), also well-known as Gc-globulin, is a plasma protein which acts as a carrier molecule for vitamin D and its metabolites. This multifunctional glycoprotein is a member of the albumin superfamily of binding proteins. It is predominantly synthesized as a single long chain glycoprotein in the liver. VDBP helps in vitamin D metabolites transport, control bone development, binds actin monomers and fatty acids and prevents their polymerization; which might be harmful in circulatory system. A less defined role in modulating immune and inflammatory response is also known. VDBP plays an important role in protection of microcirculation, inflammation, infection and also known to have antiviral and antitumoral activity. Recent studies documented its use as a early marker for diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. This review discusses the multifunctional characters of VDBP in spectra of diseases with emphasis on its use as marker for diabetic nephropathy.