Vitamin D Status and Physical Activity during Wintertime in Forensic Inpatients—A Randomized Clinical Trial

Hansen, Anita L.; Ambroziak, Gina; Thornton, David; Mundt, James C.; Kahn, Rachel E.; Dahl, Lisbeth; Waage, Leif; Kattenbraker, Daniel; Grung, Bjørn

doi:10.3390/nu13103510

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Vitamin D levels were higher among physically active participants, particularly in those who did not stop practicing physical activity after COVID-19. Consistent with our findings, a correlation between normal vitamin D levels and habitually practicing PA has been identified in a cohort of 86 forensic inpatients [ 52 ]. However, evidence is contradictory with other studies showing no relationships [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Inadequate Physical Activity Is Associated with Worse Physical Function in a Sample of COVID-19 Survivors with Post-Acute Symptoms

Galluzzo

Zazzara

Ciciarello

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background—Patients affected by Long COVID often report shorter times spent doing physical activity (PA) after COVID-19. The aim of the present study was to evaluate potential associations between PA levels and parameters of physical function in a cohort of COVID-19 survivors with post-acute symptoms, with a particular focus on individuals aged 65 and older. Materials and methods—PA levels before and after COVID-19 were assessed in a sample of patients that had recovered from COVID-19 and were admitted to a post-acute outpatient service at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS (Rome, Italy). Participation in PA was operationalized as the engagement in leisure-time PA for at least 150 min per week in the last 3 months. Self-rated health and measures of physical performance and muscle strength were assessed. Results—Mean age of 1846 participants was 55.2 ± 14.4 years and 47% were women. Before COVID-19, inactivity was detected in 47% of the whole study population; only 28% maintained pre-COVID-19 PA engagement. Inactivity was more frequent in women. The stopping of physical activity was associated with increased BMI and CRP levels, lower vitamin D levels and a higher prevalence of post-COVID-19 fatigue, dyspnea, arthralgia, and myalgia. Active participants had higher handgrip strength and performed better on both the six-minute walking test (6MWT) and at the one-minute sit-to-stand test (1MSTST). In particular, at the 6MWT, participants 65 and older that were still active after COVID-19 walked 32 m more than sedentary peers. Moreover, the distance covered was 28 m more than those who were active only before COVID-19 (p = 0.05). Formerly active subjects performed similarly at the 6MWT to inactive participants. PA was associated with better self-rated health. Conclusions—Our findings reveal that inactivity is frequent in the post-acute COVID-19 phase. Stopping physical activity after COVID-19 results in measures of performance that are comparable to those who were never active. Relevant differences in the distance covered at the 6MWT were found between older active subjects and their sedentary peers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Inadequate Physical Activity Is Associated with Worse Physical Function in a Sample of COVID-19 Survivors with Post-Acute Symptoms

Galluzzo

Zazzara

Ciciarello

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…The vitamin D dose of 40µg cholecalciferol corresponding to 1600 IU was based on the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (25). The vitamin D supplement in the present study contributed 38% of the upper limit intake level (see also [8,23]).…”

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…If a participant had to leave the institution for a reason (e.g., court appearance in another county), the supplements were packaged with their other medications to be administered off-site. Compliance in this study was about 97% (8,23). The intervention period started on January 7, 2018 and ended on May 22, 2018.…”

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This study is one of a series of studies from a larger parallel randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, aiming to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation during wintertime on different stress resilience mechanisms (see also [8,23]). The study protocol was approved by the Regional Committee for Medical Research Ethics, Western Norway (REK-West; 2017/1520; October 6, 2017) and the Sand Ridge Secure Treatment Center Institutional Review Board (IRB00002675; FWA00021540; August 7, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 1 presents a flow diagram of the number of participants who were excluded due to the different reasons and the progress of the current study (see also [8,23]). As illustrated in the flow diagram (Fig.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can vitamin D status influence the effect of stress on planning and problem-solving? A randomized control trial

Hansen

Ambroziak²,

Thornton

et al. 2023

Food & Nutrition Research

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Background: Nutritional interventions may serve as a stress resilience strategy with important implications for human health. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation throughout wintertime on problem-solving and planning abilities during stressful circumstances. Design: A total of 77 male inpatients with a mean age of 48 years (range 31–81) and stress-related mental health disorders were randomly assigned into a Vitamin D supplement group (daily intake of 40 μg) or a placebo supplement group (Control) (daily intake of 120 mg olive oil). The intervention period was from January 2018 to May 2018. The means and standard deviations for vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D3, nmol/L), pre- and post-test, respectively, were 58(21) and 46(15) for the Control group, and 63(18) and 76(21) for the Vitamin D group. Problem-solving and planning abilities were measured by the Tower of London (ToL) task pre- (midwinter) and post- (spring) supplement intervention. The ToL task was performed during exposure to distracting noise. Results: The results revealed that vitamin D supplementation throughout the winter had a significant effect on number of correct responses on easier (1 and 2 move) ToL problems during stress; the Vitamin D group improved significantly from pre- to post-test, whereas the Control group did not. In addition, the Vitamin D group had significantly more correct responses than the Control group on post-test. The improved performance was not related to a speed-accuracy trade off effect; both groups showed significantly decreased planning times from pre- to post-test. The intervention did not differentially affect task performance on the more difficult (3 to 5 move) ToL problems. For the more demanding problems, IQ seemed to explain most of the variance regarding accuracy. Age explained most of the variance associated with task planning time. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation seemed to improve resilience to stress, but it was limited to performance of easier tasks

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Characterization of methylation patterns associated with lifestyle factors and vitamin D supplementation in a healthy elderly cohort from Southwest Sweden

Cruz

Ulfenborg

Blomstrand

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Numerous studies have shown that lifestyle factors, such as regular physical activity and vitamin D intake, may remarkably improve overall health and mental wellbeing. This is especially important in older adults whose vitamin D deficiency occurs with a high prevalence. This study aimed to examine the influence of lifestyle and vitamin D on global DNA methylation patterns in an elderly cohort in Southwest of Sweden. We also sought to examine the methylation levels of specific genes involved in vitamin D's molecular and metabolic activated pathways. We performed a genome wide methylation analysis, using Illumina Infinium DNA Methylation EPIC 850kBeadChip array, on 277 healthy individuals from Southwest Sweden at the age of 70–95. The study participants also answered queries on lifestyle, vitamin intake, heart medication, and estimated health. Vitamin D intake did not in general affect methylation patterns, which is in concert with other studies. However, when comparing the group of individuals taking vitamin supplements, including vitamin D, with those not taking supplements, a difference in methylation in the solute carrier family 25 (SCL25A24) gene was found. This confirms a previous finding, where changes in expression of SLC25A24 were associated with vitamin D treatment in human monocytes. The combination of vitamin D intake and high physical activity increased methylation of genes linked to regulation of vitamin D receptor pathway, the Wnt pathway and general cancer processes. To our knowledge, this is the first study detecting epigenetic markers associated with the combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and high physical activity. These results deserve to be further investigated in an extended, interventional study cohort, where also the levels of 25(OH)D3 can be monitored.

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Vitamin D Status and Physical Activity during Wintertime in Forensic Inpatients—A Randomized Clinical Trial

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Inadequate Physical Activity Is Associated with Worse Physical Function in a Sample of COVID-19 Survivors with Post-Acute Symptoms

Inadequate Physical Activity Is Associated with Worse Physical Function in a Sample of COVID-19 Survivors with Post-Acute Symptoms

Can vitamin D status influence the effect of stress on planning and problem-solving? A randomized control trial

Characterization of methylation patterns associated with lifestyle factors and vitamin D supplementation in a healthy elderly cohort from Southwest Sweden

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