Vitamin D3 Is More Potent Than Vitamin D2 in Humans

Heaney, Robert P.; Recker, Robert R.; Grote, James; Horst, Ronald L.; Armas, Laura A.G.

doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2230

Cited by 377 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Some reports suggest that ergocalciferol does not replete 25OHD levels as effectively as cholecalciferol (45)(46)(47), but other reports contradict that perspective (48,49). Because of assay availability at our institution at the time of subject enrollment, subjects were enrolled based on a 25OHD level as measured by CLIA; however, as part of our prespecified study design, we assessed the change in 25OHD with ergocalciferol administration using 25OHD measured by LC/MS/ MS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Trial Assessing the Effects of Ergocalciferol Administration on Circulating FGF23

Burnett-Bowie

Leder

Henao

et al. 2012

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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SummaryBackground and objectives Fibroblast growth factor 23 is a phosphate-and vitamin D-regulating hormone. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ergocalciferol administration on fibroblast growth factor 23 levels in healthy vitamin D-deficient subjects.Design, setting, participants, & measurements In this 12-week trial conducted in a clinical research center, 18-to 45-year-old subjects (n=90) with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels #20 ng/ml (by chemiluminescent immunoassay) were randomized to weekly ergocalciferol treatment of 50,000 international units or placebo, while consuming a self-selected diet. Changes in fibroblast growth factor 23, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (by liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectroscopy), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and serum phosphate were measured.Results Mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D (P,0.0001), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (P=0.01), and fibroblast growth factor 23 (P=0.003) increased in the treatment versus placebo group. In the treatment group, 25-hydroxyvitamin D increased from 1867 to 40612 ng/ml at week 4 (P,0.0001) and remained stable at 43612 ng/ml at week 12 (P,0.0001); 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D increased from 42617 to 52618 pg/ml at week 4 (P,0.001) and then remained stable, and fibroblast growth factor 23 increased from 43617 to 60633 pg/ml at week 8 (P=0.001) and 74642 pg/ml at week 12 (P,0.0001). Urinary phosphate excretion increased within the treatment group, but parathyroid hormone and serum phosphate were unchanged.Conclusions Ergocalciferol administration increases circulating fibroblast growth factor 23. When measuring fibroblast growth factor 23, concurrent 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurements should be obtained, because vitamin D deficiency may lower circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Trial Assessing the Effects of Ergocalciferol Administration on Circulating FGF23

Burnett-Bowie

Leder

Henao

et al. 2012

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…Based on previous supplement methods (12,(45)(46)(47) , every participant of the two groups consumed an oral capsule containing 50 000 IU (1250 μg) of natural vitamin D 3 (catalogue no. 7184-01; Bio-Tech Pharmacal, Inc., Fayetteville, AR, USA) with a meal once weekly for 8 weeks, under the observation of project staff.…”

Section: Cross-sectional Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral vitamin D supplementation has a lower bioavailability and reduces hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance in obese Chinese males

Zhou

Zhu²,

Chen³

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the vitamin D status, SNP of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on parathyroid hormone and insulin secretion in adult males with obesity or normal weight in a subtropical Chinese city. Design: An intervention trial. Setting: Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China. Subjects: From a cross-sectional survey conducted from June to July, eighty-two normal-weight and ninety-nine obese males (18-69 years) were screened to analyse their vitamin D status and for five SNP of VDR. From these individuals, in the same season of a different year, obese and normal-weight male volunteers (twenty-one per group) were included for an intervention trial with oral vitamin D supplementation at 1250 µg/week for 8 weeks.Results: For the survey, there was no significant difference (P > 0·05) in baseline circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations or in the percentages of participants in different categories of vitamin D status between the two groups. The VDR SNP, rs3782905, was significantly associated with obesity (P = 0·043), but none of the examined SNP were correlated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D when adjusted for age, BMI and study group. After vitamin D supplementation, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, hypersecretions of parathyroid hormone and insulin, and insulin resistance in the obese were changed beneficially (P < 0·05); however, the increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was less than that of the normal-weight men. Conclusions: For obese and normal-weight men of subtropical China, the summer baseline vitamin D status was similar. However, oral vitamin D supplementation revealed a decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obese men and ameliorated their hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance. KeywordsVitamin D Obesity Chinese male Parathyroid hormone Insulin resistanceIn China, approximately 12 % of adult males are considered to be obese (1,2) . Since vitamin D nutritional status may be important in regulating obesity (3)(4)(5)(6) , interest was aroused to study Chinese obese males in this regard. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D; calcidiol), a metabolite of vitamin D having a half-life of 2-3 weeks, is recommended as a reliable marker of vitamin D nutritional status (7)(8)(9)(10) . The US Institute of Medicine (11) reports that a circulating 25(OH)D concentration equal to 50 nmol/l (20 ng/ml) meets the vitamin D requirements of 97·5 % of the population, and this threshold is widely accepted for hypovitaminosis D (10,(12)(13)(14) . Not satisfied with that basic requirement, many researchers claim that improvement of circulating 25(OH)D concentrations to much higher than 50 nmol/l can prevent a broad range of diseases (4,(15)(16)(17) .In addition, 25(OH)D ≤25 nmol/l (10 ng/ml) is considered to be 'severe vitamin D deficiency', 75-250 nmol/l (30-100 ng/ml) a 'sufficient or optimal' level and 50-75 nmol/l (21-29 ng/ml) an 'insufficient' level (12,13,18) , although these reference ranges are not defined by the Inst...

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“…Several studies indicate that the response increment is closer to 0.7 ng/mL/100 IU. (8,9) Either way, 600 IU/day will not suffice without appreciable solar and dietary input. Furthermore, as is also widely recognized, 600 IU/day produces barely perceptible changes in individuals who are overweight or obese (now better than 50% of the US adult population).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%