Vivência do sofrimento moral na enfermagem: percepção da enfermeira

Abstract

Objetivando conhecer a percepção do sofrimento moral vivenciado, relacionando frequência e intensidade, realizou-se pesquisa Survey, utilizando escala Likert variando de 0 a 6 pontos, com 124 enfermeiras em hospitais do sul do Brasil, no ano de 2008. Mediante questionário autoaplicável e análise fatorial, foram identificados e validados quatro constructos. Os resultados finais foram obtidos através de três diferentes análises: 1) estatística descritiva; 2) análises de variância 3) regressão múltipla. O constructo que apresentou maior intensidade de percepção de vivência do sofrimento moral foi a falta de competência na equipe de trabalho (4,55), seguido pela negação do papel da enfermeira como advogada do paciente (4,30), obstinação terapêutica (3,60) e desrespeito à autonomia do paciente (3,57). Em relação à percepção da frequência do sofrimento moral, destacou-se, novamente, o constructo falta de competência na equipe de trabalho (2,42), seguido da obstinação terapêutica (2,26), negação do papel da enfermeira como advogada do paciente (1,71) e desrespeito à autonomia do paciente (1,42).

Moral distress in nursing personnel

“…Differently from a study carried out previously with Brazilian nurses (2) in which 70.2% of the nurses stated that they held team meetings, it was noted that meetings were held infrequently; nevertheless, comparing information (about holding meetings) with data related to the perception of MD -distinct in the two hospitals -it was ascertained that they had a significant relationship.…”

“…In this study, the authors observed significant differences (at a level of 5%) in the It was also determined that only 29.5% of the nursing technicians and auxiliary nurses invested in their professional training after the end of their initial training course. Thus, the perception of problems in the area of health and nursing in its moral aspect seems to be benefitted when professional qualification and competence are higher (2) . One strategy identified for nursing professionals to understand both the importance of acting collectively and how much their professional knowledge could alter the reality is education in nursing (24) .…”

“…It may be seen on a daily basis how much the experience of exhausting routines, stress, precariousness of nursing care, bureaucracy, lack of dialog and banalization of death, among others, accompanied by feelings of impotency in the face of apparent neglect in relation to the patients, influence the nurses' ways of being and doing (2)(3) , which can provoke in them feelings of discomfort and suffering, without these commonly being identified as moral distress (MD).…”

“…The MDS´s transcultural adaptation to Portuguese was accomplished in a study with Brazilian nurses (2) , in which four constructs related to the perception of MD and therapeutic obstinacy. On the termination of the present study, it was possible to confirm that the instrument appeared not to have adequately explored MD referent to moral problems that are related principally to organizational problems previously identified in nurses' day-to-day activities -such as lack of health professionals, precariousness of material resources, and the lack of professional autonomy (15) .…”

“…On the termination of the present study, it was possible to confirm that the instrument appeared not to have adequately explored MD referent to moral problems that are related principally to organizational problems previously identified in nurses' day-to-day activities -such as lack of health professionals, precariousness of material resources, and the lack of professional autonomy (15) . For data collection, the authors used an adaptation of the MDS (4) undertaken by the present research's authors and tested in a previous study (2) , validated in Portuguese and with 21 questions (2) , which included, for the reformulation of the instrument in the present research, an additional 18 questions resulting from the knowledge produced by studies which were either directed or carried out by the authors of the present research (2)(3)(15)(16) . category should present in carrying out a task which is specific to their profession (11) ; negation of the nurse's role as the patient's advocate, defined as the nurses'…”