Volatile nitrosamine levels in common foods from tunisia, south china and greenland, high‐risk areas for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)

Poirier, Sylvie; Ohshima, Hiroshi; de-Thé, G; Hubert, Annie; Bourgade, Marie Christine; Bartsch, Helmut

doi:10.1002/ijc.2910390305

Cited by 106 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, in certain areas such as Southeast Asia and North Africa, the incidence is much higher, approaching 25 % of all cancers [1]. To explain this disproportionate global distribution, many etiologic factors have been proposed, including genetic susceptibility, dietary exposure to nitrosamine and high-salt fish [2], and infection with EpsteinBarr virus (EBV) [3]. NPC can occur at any age, most commonly between the ages of 40 and 60, and has a 3:1 male to female predominance [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonkeratinizing Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Peterson

Nelson

2012

Head and Neck Pathol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonkeratinizing Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Peterson

Nelson

2012

Head and Neck Pathol

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“…A high content of nitrosamines has been found in dried fish from Greenland (23), and ingestion of this popular food item could be a risk factor for both nasopharyngeal carcinoma and salivary gland carcinoma, equivalent to the association between Cantonese-style salted fish and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Southeast China (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Susceptibility in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Families—A Population-Based Cohort Study

et al. 2005

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Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a result of environmental factors, in particular EBV infection, affecting genetically susceptible individuals. The familial risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is among the highest of any malignancy. Whether this susceptibility is restricted to nasopharyngeal carcinoma is unknown as information on the risk of other cancers in relatives is limited. We did a population-based study of the cancer incidence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma families in Greenland, a nasopharyngeal carcinoma-endemic area. Using population-based registers, a cohort of all persons born in Greenland was followed from 1973 to 2002. In this cohort, 134 individuals developed nasopharyngeal carcinoma and their relatives were identified through registers and interviews. Subsequently, the occurrence of cancer was determined by linkage to the populationbased cancer register and the risk of cancer in nasopharyngeal carcinoma relatives and nonrelatives compared by relative risks. Among 766 first-degree relatives, the relative risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma following the family index case was 8.0 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 4.1-14.0]. Sex and age of the relative or the index case had no modifying effect on the familial risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The relative risks of carcinoma of the salivary glands, 8.4 (95% CI, 2.7-19.5), and uterine cervix, 2.2 (95% CI, 1.1-3.9), were also significantly increased. In families with multiple cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the risk of other cancers than nasopharyngeal carcinoma was further increased. These results indicate that the increased risk of cancer in nasopharyngeal carcinoma families is not restricted to nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but extends to the virally associated cancers of the salivary glands and cervical uteri. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(18): 8567-72)

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“…This approach provided detailed background data on food habits and lifestyle, and after a comparative analysis the conclusion was that traditional preserved food preparations could represent the common factors (Hubert et al, 1993). Food samples were then collected in South China, Macao, Tunisia and Greenland, and laboratory analysis revealed the presence of volatile nitrosamines and reactivants of EBV (Poirier et al, 1987;Shao et al, 1988). Case-control studies were carried out in Tunisia (Jeannel et al, 1990), in Macao (Hubert et al, 1993), and in Wuzhou City and Zangwu County (China), presented here.…”

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Environmental and dietary risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case-control study in Zangwu County, Guangxi, China

Zheng¹,

et al. 1994

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Summary A case-control study was conducted on 88 incident cases of histologically confirmed undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Zangwu County, China, and 176 age-sex-and neighbourhood-matched controls. The design of this study was defined after an anthropological survey on living habits in regions of high NPC incidence and the evidence of carcinogenic substances in some commonly consumed preserved foods. Subjects were interviewed regarding living conditions and diet in the year preceding the diagnosis of NPC and, with the help of their families, during childhood and weaning. After adjustment for a living conditions score to eliminate a confounding effect, an increased risk associated with consumption of salted fish during weaning and childhood was confirmed, especially for salted fish in rice porridge. The consumption of leafy vegetables was associated with a reduced risk for NPC, and consumption of melon seeds between 2 and 10 years of age with an increased risk. After multivariate analysis and adjustment according to the living conditions score, the consumption of salted fish in rice porridge before age 2 (OR = 3.8, P = 0.005), exposure to domestic woodfire (OR = 5.4, P = 0.01) and consumption of herbal tea (OR = 4.2, P = 0.02) were found to be independently related to the risk of NPC. The excess risk associated with the use of domestic wood fire increased if there were no windows in the house and with poor ventilation and cooking outside the house in a shack. As well as confirming the importance of the consumption of salted fish in childhood, this study has been the first to provide unequivocal evidence for two other factors implicated in increasing the risk of NPC in China, the adult consumption of traditional medicines (herbal tea) and exposure to domestic wood fumes.

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Volatile nitrosamine levels in common foods from tunisia, south china and greenland, high‐risk areas for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)

Cited by 106 publications

References 9 publications

Nonkeratinizing Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Nonkeratinizing Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Cancer Susceptibility in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Families—A Population-Based Cohort Study

Environmental and dietary risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case-control study in Zangwu County, Guangxi, China

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