Volumetric motion quantification by 3D tissue phase mapped CMR

Abstract

BackgroundThe objective of this study was the quantification of myocardial motion from 3D tissue phase mapped (TPM) CMR. Recent work on myocardial motion quantification by TPM has been focussed on multi-slice 2D acquisitions thus excluding motion information from large regions of the left ventricle. Volumetric motion assessment appears an important next step towards the understanding of the volumetric myocardial motion and hence may further improve diagnosis and treatments in patients with myocardial motion abnormalities.MethodsVolumetric motion quantification of the complete left ventricle was performed in 12 healthy volunteers and two patients applying a black-blood 3D TPM sequence. The resulting motion field was analysed regarding motion pattern differences between apical and basal locations as well as for asynchronous motion pattern between different myocardial segments in one or more slices. Motion quantification included velocity, torsion, rotation angle and strain derived parameters.ResultsAll investigated motion quantification parameters could be calculated from the 3D-TPM data. Parameters quantifying hypokinetic or asynchronous motion demonstrated differences between motion impaired and healthy myocardium.Conclusions3D-TPM enables the gapless volumetric quantification of motion abnormalities of the left ventricle, which can be applied in future application as additional information to provide a more detailed analysis of the left ventricular function.

A Validation of Two-Dimensional In Vivo Regional Strain Computed from Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE), in Reference to Tagged Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Studies in Repeatability

“…A third limitation was obtaining 2D strain from short-axis slices when regional heart function occurs naturally in 3D. 28,38,45 Ideally, any imaging technique used and subsequent strain computations should correct for tissue through-plane motion and 2D analysis inherently bypasses denser strain computation that is possible only within a 3D continuum.…”

“…5,22,25,34,44 This study was motivated by the scientific community’s search for fast CMR technologies that not only have high spatiotemporal resolution but also provides accurate and rapid computation of myocardial strain. Several different CMR tissue tracking methods have been used over the past decades, including tagged magnetic resonance imaging (TMRI), 3,5,14,32,42 harmonic phase analysis (HARP), 1,16,35,37 velocity encoded phase contrast (PC) 12,27,28,31 and strain encoding in MRI (SENC). 23,36 One recently developed CMR technique is displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) which provides higher spatial density of displacement in the myocardium.…”

Self‐gated tissue phase mapping using golden angle radial sparse SENSE

“…Segmental velocities were investigated for 24 segment as required as input information for quantitative analysis (3). The visual impression of comparable motion patterns in TPM Ref and TPM SG was confirmed by correlation values in the order of 0.8-0.9 and low RMSE < 0.11 cm/s.…”

“…MRI has turned out as a reproducible tool for global and regional wall motion properties assessment. For the quantification of motion abnormalities a variety of velocity‐ and strain‐based parameters have been investigated , clearly indicating the potential for separation of different diseases. In contrast to other techniques , tissue phase mapping (TPM) appears promising because it generates highly precise and reproducible three‐dimensional information, does not require complex postprocessing and can be applied to analyze the entire cardiac cycle .…”

4D tissue phase mapping: clinically viable acquisition protocol and new method of visualisation

“…Typically 3 short-axis slices are acquired, providing full 3-directional velocity vectors but only in 2D slices, preventing the calculation of potentially important parameters such as through-plane strain rate. More recently, several studies have presented 4DTPM [2,3], however acquisition times can be unfeasibly long, image quality, temporal and spatial resolution is generally poor, and visualising the data is a challenge. This abstract presents initial application of EnSight (CEI, USA) visualisation to 4DTPM data, acquired with a duration, quality and resolution which do not prevent clinical translation.…”