Vorbeugen oder Heilen – die beispiellose Notwendigkeit von selbstberichtenden Materialien

Abstract

Hatice Mutlu, geboren in Bulgarien, studierte Chemie an der Marmara Universitätu nd der Bogazici Universität. Anschließend promovierte sie am KIT in der Gruppe von M. A. R. Meier.Nach Postdoc-Aufenthalten in den Gruppen von J.-F. Lutz (ICS-CNRS, Straßburg) und C. Barner-Kowollik (KIT) arbeitet sie derzeit als leitende Wissenschaftlerin am KIT.I hr Forschungsinteresse reicht von der Synthese komplexer makromolekularer Architekturen und funktioneller Polymere bis hin zur Entwicklung neuer polymerbildender Reaktionen und neuartiger Konjugationschemien mit besonderem Schwerpunkta uf dem Design neuartiger schwefelbasierter und selbstberichtender Materialien. Christopher Barner-Kowollik schloss sein Chemistudium an der UniversitätG çttingen ab. Anfang 2000 ging er an die Universität New South Wales und übernahmdort 2006 als einer der Direktoren die Leitung des Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design. 2008 kehrte er nach Deutschland an das KIT zurück, wo er einen DFG-gefçrderten SFB zu Synthese und Struktur weicher Materie aufbaute und leitete. 2017 wechselte er zur QUT und baute das QUT-Laborf ür weiche Materialwissenschaften auf. Seine Forschungsleistungen wurden durch eine Reihe von nationalen und internationalen Preisen anerkannt.

The Vibrant Interplay of Light and Self‐Reporting Macromolecular Architectures

“…In this context, light‐induced ligation techniques [ 19 ] are an important class of photochemical reactions [ 20 ] employed not only for macromolecular design, [ 21 ] but also for surface modification, [ 22 ] fabrication of 3D structures via direct laser writing, [ 23 ] as well as in vivo labeling and tracking. [ 24 ] Consequently, between the numerous available strategies, [ 7 ] light‐triggered self‐reporting polymer systems have become quite attractive. Whereby the choice of the appropriate technique is driven by the requirements of the specific application, the driving force for the photochemically induced self‐reporting behavior of polymer materials can be generally categorized as follows: light‐induced i) (cyclo)addition ( Scheme A,B, respectively [4 + 2] and 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions), ii) dimerization based on a [2+2] cycloaddition (Scheme 1C), and iii) cleavage (fragmentation, Scheme 1D), respectively.…”

“…Critically, CL has been developed into a self‐reporting method with specific advantages over fluorescence, since irradiation by an external light source is not required; thus, the background signal is extremely low and the sensitivity is high. Below, the characteristics of CL probe derivatives based on luminol, POs, and dioxetanes that led to the development of a plethora of advanced self‐reporting CL polymer systems [ 7 ] will be briefly discussed.…”

“…One could perhaps argue that the most promising stimuli‐responsive behavior is the ability of materials to self‐heal; [ 4,5 ] nevertheless, modern science and materials engineering share the view that a new generation of advanced stimuli‐responsive polymers, for example, self‐reporting (also termed self‐sensing or self‐monitoring) polymers, [ 6,7 ] will fuel world security (such as against COVID‐19 pandemic) [ 8 ] and human welfare. Indeed, self‐reporting is an umbrella term used for polymer materials which are capable of showing a measurable, often visible indication of the conditions they have been subjected to either in bulk or solution.…”

“…In fact, polymeric materials with self‐reporting (i.e., self‐diagnostic) properties [ 9 ] can not only minimize the demolition of resources, but also facilitate an effective and accurate assessment of state‐of‐health. Accordingly, diverse self‐reporting smart materials [ 7 ] with unique operating mechanisms have been developed, which are implicitly indicating the aforementioned transformations in a visible manner by changing color, fluorescence, or chemiluminescence (CL). Notably, the plethora of stimuli responsive triggers is very broad including chemical, electrical, and mechanical stimuli, and thus underpinning the emergence of self‐reporting polymers.…”

“…Notably, the plethora of stimuli responsive triggers is very broad including chemical, electrical, and mechanical stimuli, and thus underpinning the emergence of self‐reporting polymers. [ 7 ] While mechano‐responsive [ 10 ] and thermally induced [ 11 ] self‐reporting polymers are considered as the most established ones, light‐triggered transformations are receiving a growing interest. This is attributed to the ideal stimuli mode of light due to its instant input/removal, remote control, wavelength variation, non‐invasive excitation with enhanced penetration depths at low energies in the visible light range (400–800 nm), and spatiotemporal control.…”