Vortex vein congestion in the monkey eye: A possible animal model of pachychoroid

Matsumoto, Hidetaka; Mukai, Ryo; Saito, Kazuma; Hoshino, Junki; Kishi, Shoji; Akiyama, Hideo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0274137

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this study, the areas irradiated with PDT were located near the macula. It has been hypothesized that congestion in the vortex vein plays a role in the pathogenesis of CSC and PNV [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Consistently, various studies have reported a vertical asymmetry in the running pattern of deep choroidal veins in PSD [ 20 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide-Field Choroidal Thickness Analysis after Half-Fluence Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy

Fukuda,

Notomi,

Shiose

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) is a pachychoroid-spectrum disease. As blood circulation throughout the choroid may be involved in PNV pathogenesis, analysis using ultra-wide-field (UWF) fundus imaging is crucial. We evaluated choroidal thickness after half-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with intravitreal aflibercept injection for PNV using UWF swept-source optical coherence tomography. Methods: Seventeen eyes with PNV that underwent half-fluence PDT with an adjuvant single intravitreal aflibercept injection were analyzed. To compare choroidal thicknesses in the central and peripheral choroids, we set subfields <3, <9, and 9–18 mm from the fovea. The <9 and 9–18 mm subfields were divided into four quadrants. Results: Choroidal thickness in each subfield decreased significantly after half-fluence PDT (p < 0.001); this reduction was more pronounced in the central area. We also investigated the relationship between the dominant side of the deep choroidal veins that harbor choroidal vein efflux from the macula. When choroidal thickness in the supratemporal and infratemporal 9 mm subfields were evaluated, the ratio of choroidal thickness reduction was not significantly different between the dominant and non-dominant sides. The dominant side was not associated with the extent of choroidal thickness reduction in PNV. Conclusions: Half-fluence PDT caused thinning of the entire choroid, especially in the central area, in PNV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide-Field Choroidal Thickness Analysis after Half-Fluence Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy

Fukuda,

Notomi,

Shiose

et al. 2024

JCM

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“…Matsumoto et al performed a very interesting study creating a monkey model of vortex vein congestion by ligating two vortex veins, and they could observe pachychoroid-related findings, indicating that vortex vein congestion is involved in the pathogenesis of the pachychoroid. Nevertheless, the authors noted that the remodeling of the choroidal drainage route via intervortex venous anastomosis appeared to compensate for the vortex vein congestion created in this model [ 25 ]. In the future, it would also be interesting to observe if the cut-off value of 153 µm proposed by Shiihara et al can predict the likelihood of developing CSC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intervortex Venous Anastomosis in the Macula in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Imaged by En Face Optical Coherence Tomography

Fernández‐Vigo

Rego-Lorca

Moreno-Morillo

et al. 2023

JCM

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Purpose: To assess the presence of macular intervortex venous anastomosis in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients using en face optical coherence tomography (EF-OCT). Methods: A cross-sectional study where EF-OCT 6 × 6 and 12 × 12 mm macular scans of patients with unilateral chronic CSCR were evaluated for anastomosis between vortex vein systems in the central macula. The presence of prominent anastomoses was defined as a connection with a diameter ≥150 µm between the inferotemporal and superotemporal vortex vein systems which crossed the temporal raphe. Three groups were studied: CSCR eyes (with an active disease with the presence of neurosensorial detachment; n = 135), fellow unaffected eyes (n = 135), and healthy eyes as controls (n = 110). Asymmetries, abrupt termination, sausaging, bulbosities and corkscrew appearance were also assessed. Results: In 79.2% of the CSCR eyes there were prominent anastomoses in the central macula between the inferotemporal and superotemporal vortex vein systems, being more frequent than in fellow eyes and controls (51.8% and 58.2% respectively). The number of anastomotic connections was higher in the affected eye group (2.9 ± 1.8) than in the unaffected fellow eye group (2.1 ± 1.7) and the controls (1.5 ± 1.6) (p < 0.001). Asymmetry, abrupt terminations and the corkscrew appearance of the choroidal vessels were more frequent in the affected eyes, although no differences in sausaging or bulbosities were observed. Conclusions: Intervortex venous anastomoses in the macula were common in CSCR, being more frequently observed in affected eyes than in fellow unaffected eyes and healthy controls. This anatomical variation could have important implications concerning the pathogenesis and classification of the disease.

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“…We also investigated the alteration of the RPE by co-culturing stretching HUVECs with ARPE-19 cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that the mouse and monkey choroidal congestion model can be a reliable animal model of pachychoroid [44,45], but to our knowledge there is no cellular model for this disease spectrum, and perhaps the introduction of a mechanical stretching device can provide a breakthrough to further investigate the molecular mechanism of oBRB injury under choroidal vasodilatation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and continuous exposure of airborne fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ): Diverse outer blood–retinal barrier damages and disease susceptibilities

Sheng

Gao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background The association between air pollution and retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has been demonstrated, but the pathogenic correlation is unknown. Damage to the outer blood–retinal barrier (oBRB), which consists of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choriocapillaris, is crucial in the development of fundus diseases. Objectives To describe the effects of airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on the oBRB and disease susceptibilities. Methods A PM2.5-exposed mice model was established through the administration of eye drops containing PM2.5. Optical coherence tomography angiography, transmission electron microscope, RPE immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were applied to study the oBRB changes. A co-culture model of ARPE-19 cells with stretching vascular endothelial cells was established to identify the role of choroidal vasodilatation in PM2.5-associated RPE damage. Results Acute exposure to PM2.5 resulted in choroidal vasodilatation, RPE tight junctions impairment, and ultimately an increased risk of retinal edema in mice. These manifestations are very similar to the pachychoroid disease represented by central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). After continuous PM2.5 exposure, the damage to the RPE was gradually repaired, but AMD-related early retinal degenerative changes appeared under continuous choroidal inflammation. Conclusion This study reveals oBRB pathological changes under different exposure durations, providing a valuable reference for the prevention of PM2.5-related fundus diseases and public health policy formulation.

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Vortex vein congestion in the monkey eye: A possible animal model of pachychoroid

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Wide-Field Choroidal Thickness Analysis after Half-Fluence Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy

Wide-Field Choroidal Thickness Analysis after Half-Fluence Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy

Intervortex Venous Anastomosis in the Macula in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Imaged by En Face Optical Coherence Tomography

Acute and continuous exposure of airborne fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ): Diverse outer blood–retinal barrier damages and disease susceptibilities

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